动车组机车乘务员驾驶适应性生理指标研究  

Physiological Indexes of Driving Adaptability in The CRH Drivers

作　　者：李万军[1] 郑秀玲[1] 李铭[1] 陶明锐 

机构地区：[1]济南铁路疾病预防控制中心职业卫生科,山东省济南市250001

出　　处：《职业与健康》2011年第13期1441-1444,共4页Occupation and Health

基　　金：济南铁路局资助基金(项目编号:09Z13)

摘　　要：目的掌握动车组机车乘务员心理和生理规律,研究驾驶适应性检测内容和方法。方法采用职业健康检查、问卷调查、驾驶适应性检测等方法,进行综合研究。结果动车组机车乘务员在对驾驶环境满意程度等5个方面高于内燃机车乘务员(P<0.05);在驾驶时保持愉快心情等3个方面高于内燃机车乘务员(P<0.05)。动车组机车乘务员血压值和窦性心动过速异常率低于内燃机车乘务员(P<0.05)。动车组机车乘务员裸视视力、动视力平均值高于内燃机车乘务员(P<0.05),而深视力、复杂反应误操作次数和速度估计等低于内燃机车乘务员(P<0.05)。随着乘务龄增长,2组机车乘务员血压值、立体视力、复杂反应误操作次数等增加(P<0.05),内燃机车乘务员的左眼视力、夜视力增加(P<0.05)。结论开展心理和生理、感知及行为判断等指标检测能筛选出合格的动车组机车乘务员,保障运输安全。[Objective]To understand the psychological and physical laws of EMU locomotive crew,and study the detection content and method of driving adaption.[Methods]Occupational health examination,questionnaire and driving adaption test were adopted for comprehensive study.[Results]With regard to satisfaction towards the driving environment and other 4 aspects,the levels in the CRH drivers group were generally higher than those in the diesel drivers group（P0.05）.While the mood of keeping happy and other 2 aspects in the CRH drivers group were lower than those in the diesel group（P0.05）.Both blood pressure and the incidence of sinus tachycardia in the CRH drivers group were lower than that those in the diesel drivers（P0.05）.The average score of naked eye sight,the average score of dynamic vision in the CRH drivers group were higher than those in the diesel drivers group（P0.05）,while the average score of depth vision,frequency of misjudgment to complex reaction,speed assessment were lower（P0.05）.With the extending length of service,the scores of factors including blood pressure,stereoscopic vision and frequency of misjudgment to complex reaction in the 2 groups increased（P0.05）,and as for the diesel drivers,their left vision and night vision increased（P0.05）.[Conclusion]The examination of driving adaptability towards indexes of psychological and physical indicators,perception and behaviour analysis can help to choose qualified stewards of the CRH and ensure the safety of railway transportation.

关 键 词：动车组 驾驶适应性 指标 检测 

分 类 号：R131[医药卫生—劳动卫生]