Zn营养在果树生理代谢中的作用研究进展  

Advances in research on physiology and metabolism of Zinc nutrition in fruit tree

作　　者：李娟[1] 陈杰忠[2] 黄永敬[2] 梁春辉[2] 黄建昌[1] 赵春香[1] 周俊辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]仲恺农业工程学院园艺园林学院,广州510225 [2]华南农业大学园艺学院,广州510642

出　　处：《果树学报》2011年第4期668-673,共6页Journal of Fruit Science

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30871692;31000892);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20104404110012);广东省现代农业产业技术体系建设专项;仲恺农业工程学院科研基金(G3100007)

摘　　要：锌(Zn)是果树生长所必需的微量元素,也是果树体内多种酶的辅助因子,与果树的光合、呼吸以及碳氮代谢等过程有关。本文总结了近几年来国内外果树Zn营养的研究成果,概述了Zn元素在果树组织器官中的存在形式、运输方式,根系Zn营养调节树体的Zn平衡,Zn含量自中、细生长根和骨干根到地上枝梢、叶片间处于顺浓度梯度,Zn作为叶绿体的组成成分影响光合作用,缺Zn导致植株体内根、茎、叶等器官生长发育受到抑制,叶面喷施Zn肥可以促进花粉萌发,有利于花粉管伸长,增加受精作用,提高坐果率,促进光合产物积累,果实膨大,改善果实风味。另外,还分析了Zn与其他元素的关系,描述了Zn对基因表达直接影响和Zn营养基因型的差异,提出了果树Zn营养研究展望。Zinc（Zn） is an essential microelement and required in the growth and development of fruit trees.As cofactors of many enzymes,Zn is involved in photosynthesis,respiration,carbon and nitrogen metabolism during fruit growing.Advances in research on Zn nutrition of fruit trees in recent years was reviewed,including the form of Zn,transport mode in tissues and organs,and physiological metabolism.The Zn content of fruit is regulated by root,and the Zn content from medium root,fine root and tape root to shoot and leaf exists a growing concentration gradient.As a component of the chloroplast,Zn affects photosynthesis.The lack of Zn inhibits the growth and development of stems,leaves and other organs,and spraying Zn fertilizer plays a role in the germination of pollen,the elongation of pollen tube,the improvement of fertilization,the fruit setting,the accumulation of photosynthetic products,the fruit expanding and the fruit flavor.In addition,the relations between Zn and other elements were analyzed,and the related gene expression and genotypic differences in Zn nutrition were described.A prospect for the research direction on Zn nutrition in fruit trees was put forward.

关 键 词：果树 ZN 生理 代谢 

分 类 号：S66[农业科学—果树学]