北方荒漠及荒漠化地区草地地上生物量空间分布特征  

Spatial Distribution of Aboveground Biomass of Grassland in Desert and Desertified Regions in Northern China

作　　者：崔夺[1] 李玉霖[1] 王新源[1] 赵学勇[1] 张铜会[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2011年第4期868-872,共5页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划课题(2006BAC01A12);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2009CB421102);国家自然科学基金(3087042630970471)共同资助

摘　　要：北方典型荒漠及荒漠化地区草地地上生物量的空间分布特征对揭示中国陆地生态系统的碳储量具有重要意义,同时对于了解区域尺度上畜牧业发展潜力、生物多样性现状、以及生态系统稳定性具有一定的作用。利用北方典型荒漠及荒漠化地区144个草地样点的植被地上生物量数据,分析地上生物量的空间分布特征及其与多年平均降水量、多年平均温度、海拔高度等环境因素的相关关系。结果表明,北方典型荒漠及荒漠化地区草地单位面积地上生物量的空间分布高度异质,在5.5～371.2g.m-2之间波动,平均地上生物量为83.3g.m-2。北方典型荒漠及荒漠化地区草地地上生物量在经向和纬向上的分布均有明显的规律性。相关分析显示,植被地上生物量与纬度之间呈显著的负相关关系(P<0.05),与经度之间呈显著正相关关系(P<0.001)。草地地上生物量与年降水量之间存在显著的正相关关系(P<0.001),但和海拔高度、年平均温度之间无显著相关性,这意味着水分条件是导致北方典型荒漠及荒漠化地区草地地上生物量空间分异的重要因素。Investigation of spatial distribution of aboveground biomass of grassland in desert and desertified regions is essential to evaluate carbon storage in northern China.Furthermore,it is important to understand potential development of husbandry,status of biodiversity,and ecosystem stability in regional scale.In this paper,spatial characteristics of grassland aboveground biomass were studied based on data from 144 sites in desert and desertified regions of northern China.In addition,we analyzed the relationships of aboveground biomass with environmental parameters such as precipitation and temperature.The results show that spatial distribution of grassland aboveground biomass is highly heterogeneous in desert and desertified regions of northern China.Aboveground biomass ranges from 5.5~371.2 g·m-2,with an average of 83.3 g·m-2.Aboveground biomass is significantly negatively correlated with latitude（P0.05） and is positively correlated with longitude（P0.001）.This means that aboveground biomass decreased with latitude increasing but increased with longitude increasing.Correlation analysis shows that aboveground biomass is significantly correlated with annual precipitation,but is weakly correlated with annual mean temperature and altitude.This implies that rainfall drives the spatial distribution pattern of aboveground biomass in desert and desertified regions of northern China.

关 键 词：荒漠 荒漠化 地上生物量 地理因素 空间分布 

分 类 号：Q948.1[生物学—植物学]