水分胁迫对东方百合光合特性、叶绿素荧光参数及干物质积累的影响  

Effects of Water Stress on Photosynthetic Characteristics,Chlorophyll Fluorescence,and Dry Matter of Oriental Lilies

作　　者：张亚娟[1] 谢忠奎[1] 赵学勇[2] 安丽萍[1] 高宏[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所皋兰生态与农业综合试验站,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所奈曼沙漠化研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [3]兰州交通大学博文学院,甘肃兰州730101

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2011年第4期884-888,共5页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：中国科技部农业成果转化项目(2007GB24910484);中国科学院重要方向性项目(KSCX2-YW-N-44-07);中国科学院科技支甘项目(KJZG-2008-3)共同资助

摘　　要：以东方百合"索邦"为试材,在科尔沁沙地对其在不同水分胁迫下的光合特性、叶绿素荧光及干物质积累进行了研究。结果显示,随着水分胁迫的加剧,净光合速率(Pn)和蒸腾速率(Tr)明显下降。另外,水分胁迫下百合叶片发生了"光合午休"现象,气孔导度(gs)也呈下降的趋势,胞间二氧化碳浓度(Ci)先下降后升高,并且通过gs和Ci变化方向可以判断出,百合叶片净光合速率受气孔与非气孔两种因素的限制。百合叶片最小荧光(Fo)无明显变化,最大荧光(Fm)、可变荧光(Fv)和光系统Ⅱ(PSⅡ)最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)下降较明显。百合总干重及各器官干重也随水分胁迫的加剧而明显下降。研究表明,水分胁迫降低了百合叶片净光合速率,抑制了PSⅡ的光化学活性,从而影响到了百合干物质的积累。因此,在科尔沁沙地,应该采取合理的灌溉技术来保证百合在生长过程中得到充足的水分,以此确保切花百合的品质。The research was conducted in Horqin Sandy Land to evaluate the responses of photosynthetic characteristics,chlorophyll fluorescence and dry matter accumulation of oriental lilies＂ Sorbonne＂ at water stress treatment（5-day,10-day,15-day,20-day,25-day）.The results show water stress decreases net photosynthetic rate,transpiration rate,and dry matter accumulation.The decrease of net photosynthetic rate of the oriental lilies under water stress may result from stomatal and non-stomatal limitations,and the water stress induced ＂midday depression＂ phenomenon.Water stress also affected PSⅡ,and it decreased the maximum fluorescence,variable fluorescence and the maximum photochemical efficiency.Water stress,therefore,is the primary photosynthetic process limitation of the oriental lilies.Appropriate watering is recommended to improve photosynthetic efficiency and alleviate photodamage so as to increase the quality of the lilies in the Horqin Sandy Land.

关 键 词：东方百合 光合特性 叶绿素荧光 干物质积累 

分 类 号：Q945.78[生物学—植物学]