石漠化综合治理对喀斯特高原山地土壤生态系统的影响  

The Effect of the Comprehensive Management of Karst Rocky Desertification Area on Plateau and Mountain Soil Ecosystem

作　　者：周文龙[1] 熊康宁[1] 龚进宏[1] 李伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]贵州师范大学中国南方喀斯特研究院贵州省喀斯特山地生态环境国家重点实验室培育基地,贵州贵阳550001

出　　处：《土壤通报》2011年第4期801-807,共7页Chinese Journal of Soil Science

基　　金：国家"十二五"科技支撑计划重大课题"喀斯特高原峡谷石漠化综合治理技术与示范"(2011BAC09B01);贵州省科技计划课题"贵州喀斯特石漠化综合防治工程技术研究中心建设"(黔科合社J字[2008]4002号);国家自然科学基金(40971160);贵州教育厅2009年自然科学科研项目"喀斯特石漠化治理土壤环境效应研究"(黔教科20090083)资助

摘　　要：为研究石漠化综合治理对喀斯特高原山地土壤生态系统的影响,以贵州省毕节鸭池示范区石桥小流域为例,结合石漠化综合治理工作的开展,对小流域内的土壤侵蚀状况、土壤理化性质和土壤呼吸强度等进行动态监测,探讨土壤生态系统的演变规律。结果表明:通过采取一系列的生物工程措施,小流域内土壤侵蚀得到控制,各种水土保持措施减沙效果明显,从而减少负熵的输出,使系统向"有序"状态发展;通过对不同等级石漠化土壤有机质及C/N比值的研究,得出土壤有机质与全氮含量呈显著相关性(P<0.01),随着石漠化综合治理的开展,土壤肥力结构得到优化;土壤呼吸强度在某种程度上也可以作为反映石漠化综合治理综合效应的间接指标,但这种相关性还有待进一步论证。通过以上研究旨在提高生态监测整体能力,为喀斯特石漠化综合治理提供决策支持。In order to evaluate the effects of comprehensive management of karst rocky desertification on soil ecosystem of karst plateau,soil erosion,soil respiration,physical and chemical properties of soil were dynamically monitored,and the evolution regularity of soil ecosystem were also discussed by taking Shiqiao small drainage of Yachi demonstration area in Guizhou Province as an example.The results showed that all kinds of soil and water conservation measures looked effectivey,and the system developed in order.Soil erosion was weakened,and negentropy output was decreased subsequently.During the implementation of comprehensive management of karst rocky desertification,organic matter was significantly correlated（P 0.01） with total nitrogen in soil,and the soil fertility was optimized.Soil respiration rate could be the indirect index for the comprehensive efficiency of rocky desertification rehabilitation to some extent.However,this kind of correlation needes much further demonstration.The research results was to improve the ability of ecological monitor and provide support for the rocky desertification comprehensive treatment in karst areas.

关 键 词：石漠化 土壤生态系统 土壤侵蚀 工程措施 土壤肥力 

分 类 号：S154.1[农业科学—土壤学]