代际流动与外群体歧视——基于2005年全国综合社会调查数据的实证分析  

Intergeneration Mobility and Out-Group Prejudice and Discrimination: Empirical Analyses of the Data from the 2005 China General Social Survey

作　　者：秦广强[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学社会与人口学院

出　　处：《社会》2011年第4期116-136,共21页Chinese Journal of Sociology

摘　　要：本文基于CGSS2005的调查数据,以对角线参照模型为分析工具,考察了阶层代际流动对城市居民歧视性态度的影响。研究发现,在工作歧视和邻里居住歧视上,代际流动本身能够产生独立于流动者出身阶层与现处阶层的影响;随着年龄的增长,相对于出身阶层,流动者现处阶层对其歧视态度影响程度明显增强;进入社会歧视氛围更低的阶层能够显著降低流动者的歧视态度;相比向上流动,地位下降者对外来人口的歧视程度更高。研究指出,分层与流动研究不仅要考察客观社会结构及其开放状况,也要重视分层及流动对个体行为与态度所带来的主观层面影响。With the focus placed on the ＂consequences and impacts of social mobility,＂ this paper analyzes the data from the 2005 China General Social Survey using Sobel＇s diagonal reference model as an instrument to examine the links between intergenerational mobility across classes and urban residents＇ prejudice. The study shows that social mobility itself may affect attitudes independent of one＇s origin class or destination class. In contrast to the origin class, the individual＇s destination class has a greater effect on his/her attitudes as his/her age increases. Moving into a class with a culture that encourages less prejudice or discrimination can significantly decrease one＇s prejudice, whereas upward or downward mobility can increase one＇s prejudice against immigrants. The paper also proposes that stratification and mobility research should not only study the objective aspects of the social structure and its openness but also the subjective aspects of the effects of stratification and mobility on individuals＇ behaviors and attitudes.

关 键 词：代际流动 外群体歧视 对角线参照模型 文化适应 流动方向 

分 类 号：C915[经济管理]