广西含笑的小孢子发生及雄配子体形成的研究  

Studies of microsporogenesis and male gametophyte formation of Michelia guangxiensis

作　　者：付琳[1] 徐凤霞[1] 曾庆文[1] 朱开甫 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院华南植物园,广州510650 [2]徐闻县神州木兰园培植中心,广东湛江524100

出　　处：《广西植物》2011年第3期312-317,311,共7页Guihaia

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30871960;30770140);广东省教育部产学研结合项目(2009B080800037);广东省科技计划项目(2007A020200004-8)~~

摘　　要：对广西含笑的小孢子发生和雄配子体形成过程进行了解剖学研究。广西含笑的花药具4个花粉囊,花药壁由表皮、药室内壁、中层（3~5层）和绒毡层（1~2层）组成。绒毡层为腺质绒毡层,细胞具2至多核,到花粉成熟时自溶消失。小孢子母细胞减数分裂的胞质分裂为修饰性同时型,四分体排列方式为交叉型、对称型、＂T＂型（极少）,成熟花粉粒具单沟,散粉时为二细胞型。在200个样品中,约有30%花药的小孢子母细胞在减数分裂前败育,还有40%的花药具有大量萎缩变形的花粉粒,花粉萌发率最高值只有25%。Microsporogenesis and male gametophyte formation of Michelia guangxiensis were first observed in this paper.Anthers are tetrasporangiate and anther wall is composed of epidermis,fibrous endothecium,middle layer（3-5 layers）and tapetum（1-2 layers）.The tapetum is of glandular type with 2 or more nucleus,which degenerate and finally disappear when the pollens are mature.Cytokinesis in meiosis is modified simultaneous type,resulting in decussate,isobilateral or T-shaped（rarely）tetrads.Pollen is monocolpate and sheds at the 2-cell stage.Among the 200 samples,the microspore mother cells in 30% anthers degenerate before meiosis and the microspores in 40% anthers degenerate seriously.The highest pollen germination rate is 25% only.

关 键 词：广西含笑 木兰科 小孢子发生 雄配子体形成 

分 类 号：Q944.4[生物学—植物学]