热压成型制备玉米芯基生态炭  

Preparation of porous carbon from corncob by hot pressing treatment

作　　者：吴明铂[1] 郑经堂[1] 郭宁[1] 李士斌[1] 滕传亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学(华东)重质油国家重点实验室,山东东营257061

出　　处：《武汉科技大学学报》2011年第4期274-279,共6页Journal of Wuhan University of Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上资助项目(20876176);教育部新世纪优秀人才支持计划项目(NCET-10-0768);教育部科学技术研究重点项目(109100);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(09CX04037A);中国科学院炭材料重点实验室开放基金资助项目(KFJJ0506);山东省博士基金资助项目(2008BS09013)

摘　　要：以来源丰富、价格低廉的玉米芯为原料,通过炭化和活化（水蒸气为活化剂）制备生态炭。为提高生态炭的收率,炭化前采用热压成型的方法对玉米芯原料进行预处理。通过对成型温度、成型压力、成型时间等工艺参数的研究,得出较佳热压成型条件：成型温度为275~300℃,成型压力为5~15 MPa,成型时间为10 min。研究结果表明,成型工艺参数对总炭化收率的影响程度由大到小依次为：成型温度〉成型压力≈成型时间;热压成型使玉米芯的炭化收率由成型前的18.52%（质量分数）提高到成型后的25.58%;热压成型对生态炭的比表面积影响较小,所制生态炭比表面积为982 m2/g,以微孔为主,微孔率高达97.31%。Porous carbon with high yield was prepared from corncob by carbonization and activation.Temperature,pressure,and time in the process of hot pressing treatment（HPT） of corncob before carbonization were systemically analyzed.The mechanism of HPT to increase the yield of porous carbon was studied by employing cellulose as model of corncob.Elemental analysis,nitrogen adsorption,and FTIR were used to characterize the raw material and the samples prepared under different conditions.The results show that the yield of porous carbon prepared by HPT is much higher than that without any treatment,and HPT temperature is the most important factor in HPT process.The optimum conditions of HPT are 300 ℃,5~15 MPa,and 10 minutes.The mechanism of HPT to greatly increase the yield of porous carbon lies in that the volatile ingredients in corncob are kept in the final product.It is found that HPT has little effect on the specific surface area of the prepared porous carbon.Porous carbon with 982 m2/g of specific surface area and 97.31% of micropore ratio is obtained from corncob by HPT.

关 键 词：玉米芯 热压成型 生态炭 高收率 

分 类 号：TB32[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]