超级杂交稻抗倒高产肥料运筹技术的数学模型研究  

Study on mathematical models of fertilizer management technique for resisting lodging and high yield of super hybrid rice

作　　者：艾治勇[1,2] 马国辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]国家杂交水稻工程技术研究中心,湖南长沙410125 [2]湖南农业大学,湖南长沙410128

出　　处：《植物营养与肥料学报》2011年第4期803-808,共6页Journal of Plant Nutrition and Fertilizers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30771269);湖南省农科院创新基金项目(2009hnnkycx24);国家粮食丰产科技工程湖南专项(2006BAD02A01)资助

摘　　要：为探讨超级杂交稻的抗倒高产肥料运筹技术,提高其抗倒伏能力和产量稳定性。采用正交旋转组合试验设计,在田间条件下研究了氮、钾、硅三种肥料元素不同配比对超级杂交稻组合准两优527的抗倒性和产量的影响,分别建立了肥料施用量与倒伏指数、产量的数学模型。结果表明,硅对倒伏指数的影响最大,其次是氮和钾,增施硅肥和钾肥不仅有增产效应且能增强茎秆的抗倒伏能力。氮对产量的影响最大,其次是钾和硅,且在一定范围内（N 0~267 kg/hm2）促进增产的同时也显著增加了倒伏指数。因此,将两个数学模型联立进行计算机综合选优,提出了倒伏指数低于150且产量高于11 t/hm2的抗倒高产肥料运筹方案,分别是N 286.5~298.5 kg/hm2、K2O 295.5~298.5 kg/hm2、S iO2292.5~298.5 kg/hm2。In order to probe into the fertilizer management technique for high lodging resistance and high yield of super hybrid rice,and improve its ability to resist lodging and yield stability,the effects of various application ratios of nitrogen,potassium and silicon on lodging resistance and yield of super hybrid rice,Zhunliangyou527 were studied in fields with the orthogonal rotational design.The mathematical models between fertilizer application amount and lodging index,yield were established.The results show that the silicon application has the most influence on lodging index,and then the nitrogen and potassium applications.The additional silicon and potassium fertilizer applications not only increase the yield but also advance the ability to resist lodging.The nitrogen application has the most influence on yield,and then the silicon and potassium applications.The nitrogen application could increase yield and lodging index when the application rates are in the range of N 0 to 267 kg/ha.The fertilizer application amounts for strong ability to resist lodging and high yield are N 286.5-298.5 kg/ha,K2O 295.5-298.5 kg/ha and SiO2 292.5-298.5 kg/ha under the conditions that the lodging index is less than 150 and the yield is more than 11 ton per hectare.

关 键 词：超级杂交稻 抗倒伏 高产 肥料运筹 数学模型 

分 类 号：S511[农业科学—作物学]