2009年宁夏某综合医院临床分离病原菌分布及耐药性分析  

Distribution and Resistance Analysis of Pathogenic Bacteria Lsolated from Clinical Specimens in the Year 2009

作　　者：李刚[1,2] 张云霞[1,2] 周晓燕[1,2] 王琳琳[1,2] 杨晓燕[1,2] 贾伟[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]宁夏医科大学总医院医学实验中心 [2]宁夏医科大学临床病原微生物耐药性研究重点实验室,银川750004

出　　处：《宁夏医科大学学报》2011年第6期532-536,共5页Journal of Ningxia Medical University

基　　金：宁夏回族自治区科技攻关计划项目(2008年)

摘　　要：目的了解2009年宁夏医科大学总医院临床分离病原菌的分布及对常用抗菌药物的耐药性。方法对我院2009年临床各科送检标本进行培养分离病原菌3383株,同时进行药敏试验,应用WHONET5.5软件对数据进行统计分析。结果在所分离的病原菌中革兰阴性菌占63.3%,革兰阳性菌占36.7%,分离病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主。革兰阴性菌中大肠埃希菌489株(22.8%)、铜绿假单胞菌369株(17.2%)和肺炎克雷伯菌169株(13.8%);革兰阳性球菌中,凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(CNS)399株(32.2%)、金黄色葡萄球菌302株(24.4%)和肠球菌属202株(16.3%)。药敏试验结果显示耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌(MRSA)和耐甲氧西林凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(MRCNS)分别占金葡菌和CNS的71.8%和86.2%,MRSA比往年有所增加。发现5株耐万古霉素屎肠球菌。肺炎链球菌中未见青霉素耐药菌株。大肠埃希菌对碳青霉烯类抗生素比较敏感,肺炎克雷伯菌对美洛培南耐药率为1.1%。结论我院临床分离病原菌以革兰阴性杆菌为主,MRSA阳性率逐步增长并首次发现5例VRE,需加强细菌耐药性监测与控制。Objective To explore the distribution and resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from the general hospital of Ningxia medical university in 2009.Methods The susceptibility of 3383 clinical isolates were tested with antimicrobial agents.The resistance data were analyzed using WHONET software.Results Gram-negative bacteria accounted for 63.3% of pathogenic isolates and Gram-positive bacteria accounted for 36.7%.The most frequently isolated gram negative bacilli were E.coli（489,22.8%）,P.aeruginosa（369,17.2%） and K.pneumoniae（169,13.8%）.The most common gram positive cocci were coagulase-negative Staphylococcus（399,32.2%）,S.aureus（302,24.4%）,Enterococcus spp.（202,16.3%）.The antimicrobial susceptibility results showed that the prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus was 71.8% in S.aureus and 86.2% in coagulase-negative Stap hylococcus.Five strains of E.faecal were resistant to vancomycin.No penicillin resistant S.pneumoniae was found.The resistance rates of E.coli were low to carbapenem antibiotic.The resistance rates of K.pneumoniae were 1.1% to Meropenem.Conclusion The most frequently isolated pathogens is Gram-negative bacteria and positive rate of MRSA increased gradually.5 cases VRE were first found.The surveillance and control of bacterial resistance should be strengthened.

关 键 词：耐药性监测 抗菌药物 综合医院 

分 类 号：R446.5[医药卫生—诊断学]