氧化钛锡复合纳米粉的制备及其气敏性  

Preparation and gas-sensing characterization of TiO_2 and SnO_2 composite nanoparticles

作　　者：宋文龙[1] 郑聚成[2] 陈高峰[1] 何芳远[1] 林志东[1] 

机构地区：[1]武汉工程大学等离子体化学与新材料省重点实验室,湖北武汉430074 [2]中国石油天然气股份有限公司兰州化工研究中心合成橡胶所,甘肃兰州730060

出　　处：《武汉工程大学学报》2011年第7期81-86,共6页Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51072141)

摘　　要：TiO2和SnO2都是n型半导体,广泛应用于检测H2、CO、醇类等气体的气敏传感器的研究中.本文以钛酸丁脂Ti(OC4H9)4和结晶四氯化锡SnCl4.5H2O为原料,采用共沉淀法,制备出氧化钛、氧化锡复合纳米粉.通过XRD、AFM对制备的复合材料进行了表征.以二氧化锡和二氧化钛摩尔比分别为2∶1;4∶1;6∶1;8∶1;10∶1的5种复合纳米粉体为基体材料,制成旁热式气敏传感器;采用静态配气法测试了各元件对乙醇气体的气敏性能;对元件的灵敏度、响应及恢复特性进行了研究;并分析了乙醇浓度、加热温度等对气敏元件气敏性能的影响.结果表明,复合材料由纳米晶粒组成,复合材料中TiO2含量低于12.5%时,钛离子取代锡离子形成固溶体,其气敏性能较高;TiO2含量大于12.5%,TiO2独立形核,形成两相复合纳米粉.复合材料对乙醇的灵敏度随浓度的增加而增大,呈现出比较好的线性关系.在273℃,乙醇体积分数为400×10-6时,n(SnO2)∶n(TiO2)=10∶1的复合粉体制备的气敏元件的灵敏度高达130.7;并且元件具有良好的响应及恢复特性.SnO2 and TiO2 are n-type semiconductors which were widely used in detection of H2,CO,alcohols in gas sensors.In this paper,Ti（OC4H9）4 and SnCl4·5H2O were used as raw materials,SnO2 and TiO2 composite nanoparticles were prepared by coprecipitation.The composite nanoparticles were charactered by XRD,AFM.Five composite powders of SnO2 and TiO2 molar ratio were 2∶1,4∶1,6∶1,8∶1,10∶1,which were fabricated into indirect-heating gas sensor.The gas sensing properties of these gas sensors to ethanol gas was studied by Static gas distribution method.The results show that the composite material formed nano-grains,when the TiO2 concentration was less than 12.5%,Ti4＋ replace Sn4＋ of the SnO2 formed solid solution which gas-sensing properties is very good.When TiO2 concentration was more than 12.5%,the TiO2 formed nanocystal separately.The sensitivity of SnO2 and TiO2 composite sensors increased linearly as ethanol concentration increasing.At 273℃,ethanol concentration as 400×10-6,the sensitivity of sensor prepared by the n（SnO2）∶n（TiO2）=10∶1 was 130.7,also had good response and recovery characteristics.

关 键 词：纳米材料 半导体 传感器 TIO2 SNO2 

分 类 号：TP212[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置]