急性低氧对优秀男子自行车运动员递增负荷运动时肌氧含量的影响  

Effects of acute hypoxia on muscle oxygen of elite male cyclists during incremental exercise

作　　者：马国东[1] 徐飞[2] 李岳[3] 腾轶超[3] 

机构地区：[1]吉林体育学院运动人体科学系,吉林长春130022 [2]浙江工业大学体军部,浙江杭州310034 [3]清华大学医学院生物医学工程系,北京100084

出　　处：《山东体育学院学报》2011年第6期51-55,共5页Journal of Shandong Sport University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(60578004)

摘　　要：目的:探讨急性低氧环境下递增负荷运动时肌氧含量的变化。方法:通过无损伤近红外光谱学技术(NIRS)监测11名优秀男子自行车运动员常氧和急性低氧下进行递增负荷运动时肌氧含量和心肺系统功能的变化。结果:1)低氧运动时,无氧阈(VT)和最大摄氧量(VO2max)出现时对应的心率、指动脉血氧饱和度(SpO2)、气体代谢和功率均下降,显著低于常氧运动时的值;2)低氧环境下,从开始运动到75%最大功率,Δ[HbO2]降低、Δ[HHb]增高;由75%至100%最大功率时,Δ[HbO2]保持不变,而Δ[HHb]和Δ[THb]增加;在4个不同功率等级下低氧Δ[HbO2]均显著高于常氧值,Δ[HHb]在50%、75%和100%最大功率时均显著低于常氧对应值。结论:1)男子自行车运动员低氧下运动时低氧通气反应高于常氧水平,说明提高自行车运动员在高原训练时的低氧通气反应有利于提高其有氧能力,进而提高运动成绩。2)低氧运动时Δ[HbO2]高于常氧值,Δ[HHb]低于常氧值,提示肌氧含量是反映肌肉疲劳程度的敏感指标。Objective： The present paper is to observe the changes of muscle oxygen saturation during acute hypoxia incremental exercise.Methods： The study was conducted using no damage near-infrared spectroscopy technology（NIRS）.To monitor the changes of cardiopulmonary and muscle oxygen saturation when 11 elite male cyclists were performed maximal incremental exercise test under normoxia and acute hypoxia conditions.Results：1） In hypoxia,the corresponding values of VT and（V·O2max（HR,gas metabolic markers and SpO2） are decreased.They are significantly lower than normoxia.2） The change of oxyhemoglobin（Δ [HbO2 ]） is decreased and the change ofdeoxyhemoglobin（Δ[HHb]） is increase at the 75% peak power in the hypoxia.In addition,Δ[HbO2]is no obvious changes and Δ[HHb]和 Δ[THb]increased between 75% and 100% peakpower.However,Δ[HbO2]is higher than nomoxic values in 4 relative peak power levels and Δ[HHb]is lower than norrmoxia values in 50%,75% and 100% peak power.Conclusion： 1） Inhypoxia exercise procedure,hypoxic ventilation responses are higher than normoxia values,whichindicated that increasing the hypoxic ventilation response level is beneficial to improving exerciseperformance.（2） Δ[HbO2] of hypoxia is higher and Δ[HHb] is lower than normoxia,whichsuggested that muscle oxygen saturation is sensitive to muscle fatigue.

关 键 词：急性低氧 低氧运动 肌氧含量 近红外光谱 

分 类 号：G804.22[文化科学—运动人体科学]