额济纳盆地地下水时空变化特征  

Study on Spatiotemporal Change of Groundwater in the Ejin Basin

作　　者：席海洋[1,2] 冯起[1,2] 司建华[1,2] 包银花 王林帮 

机构地区：[1]阿拉善荒漠生态-水文试验研究站,甘肃兰州730000 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000 [3]内蒙古阿拉善盟额济纳旗草原站,内蒙古额济纳旗735400 [4]阿右旗巴丹吉林自然保护区雅不赖管理站,内蒙古右旗737300

出　　处：《干旱区研究》2011年第4期592-601,共10页Arid Zone Research

基　　金：中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所人才基金项目(51Y084891);杰青基金(40725001)

摘　　要：依据1988-2006年地下水位长期观测资料和近年来在额济纳盆地开展的地下水位调查资料,结合地质统计学方法,分析额济纳盆地地下水位时空变化,探讨地下水埋深的地统计变化特征和异质性,并用地统计模型对地下水埋深变化的异质性进行拟合。结果表明:额济纳盆地地下水位自20世纪40年代开始整体上呈不断下降趋势,且河流下段区域的下降幅度高于上段;近年来,随着河道输水量的增加,潜水水位开始回升,而深层承压水水位仍持续下降,且潜水水位年内波动幅度较深层承压水水位大。在空间变化上,地下水埋深从南到北先增加后减小,从西向东逐渐减小,地下水位高程从南向北逐渐降低,从西向东呈"U"字型;地下水埋深的空间分布在整体上具有中等的空间相关性,而在4个不同方向上具有较强烈的空间相关性,额济纳盆地地下水埋深的变程为0.406°(经、纬度单位,约为33.7 km),在此变程范围内存在空间自相关性。In this paper,the spatiotemporal change of groundwater level in the Ejin Basin is analyzed based on the long-term monitoring data of groundwater level during the period from 1988 to 2006 and the groundwater level survey data in recent years using the geostatistical analysis method,the geostatistical characteristics and heterogeneity of groundwater depth are discussed,and the geostatistical model is used to fit the heterogeneity of groundwater depth.The results show that a continuous decline of groundwater level in the Ejin Basin had occurred since the 1940s,and it was more serious in the downstream area than that in the upstream area;the phreatic water level has started to rise again along with the increase of river discharge in recent years,but the deep confined water level is continually dropped,and the annual fluctuation range of phreatic water is higher than that of confined water.Spatially,groundwater depth increases at first and then decreases from the south to the north and decreases gradually from the west to the east.The groundwater level elevation decreases gradually from the south to the north,and it is U-shaped from the west to the east,that is the groundwater level elevation decreases at first and then increases.There is holistically a moderate spatial correlation of groundwater depth in spatial distribution,but there is a strong spatial correlation at four different directions in the Ejin Basin.The variable range of groundwater depth is 0.406°（longitude and latitude unit,about 33.7 km）,that means there is a spatial autocorrelation in such variable range of groundwater depth.

关 键 词：地下水位 时空变化 地统计模型 异质性 承压水 潜水 额济纳盆地 

分 类 号：P641.7[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]