医学生负性生活事件与心理疾病倾向的相关分析  

The correlation analysis of medical students' negative life events and the tendency of mental illness

作　　者：凤尔翠[1] 高素琴[1] 陆铭[1] 刘艳青[1] 魏世敏[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学公共卫生学院,江苏南京210029

出　　处：《江苏卫生保健（学术版）》2011年第2期1-3,20,共4页Jiangsu Health Care

摘　　要：目的:探讨医学生负性生活事件特点及心理疾病倾向。方法:采用《症状自评量表》和《青少年生活事件量表》,对1 964名医学本科生进行问卷调查。结果:受调查人群各项负性生活事件均有较高的报告率,考试失败或不理想、学习负担重、被人误会或错怪、长期远离家人不能团聚、生活习惯明显变化、与同学或好友发生纠纷等事件所占比例均>60%。各项负性生活事件应激强度较高的为:学习压力、人际因子、健康适应因子;心理疾病倾向各维度得分较高的为:强迫症状、人际敏感、抑郁、敌对和焦虑。负性生活事件报告率男生高于女生、大三高于大二;应激因子中除学习压力外,男生的应激量均高于女生;抑郁、焦虑和恐怖心理维度得分女生高于男生,偏执因子得分男生高于女生,差异均有统计学意义。负性生活事件各因子,尤其是学习因子和健康因子,与心理疾病倾向各因子广泛相关。结论:负性生活事件可能增加焦虑、抑郁等心理疾病倾向。应根据生活事件的发生频率、应激量及其对心理健康的影响程度,有针对性地对大学生进行心理教育。Objective：To explore the characteristics of medical students＇ negative life events related to the tendency of mental illness. Methods： There were 1 964 medical students enrolled a questionnaire survey using Symptom Checklist （SCL -90） and Adolescent Life Events Scale. Results：Various life events in the survey had a higher reporting rate, which covered over 60% as following： exam failure or not satisfaction with exam, academic burden, be misunderstood, long- term far away from family reunion, significant changes in lifestyle, occurred with classmates or friends disputes. Some of the negative life events had higher stress intensity including academic pressure, interpersonal factor and health adaptation factor; mental iUness tend to higher scores were： obsessive- compulsive symptoms, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, hostility and anxiety; the reporting rate of negative life events in male students was higher than female students as well as junior students was higher than sophomore students; except stress factor like academic burden, the amount of stress in male students were relatively higher than female students; samples t - test resuits showed that scores of depression, anxiety and fear of psychological in female students were higher than male students, but score of the paranoid in male students was higher than the female students; the difference was statistically significant. The correlation analysis showed that negative life events factors, especially the factors as learning factors and health factors tend to widely relate to relevant factors of mental illness. Conclusion：Negative life events may increase the anxiety/depression and other mental illness tendencies. Measures should be taken for the frequency of life events, the amount of stress and its impact on mental health, so as to implement psychological education for college students.

关 键 词：医科学生 负性事件 心理疾病 

分 类 号：R395.6[哲学宗教—心理学]