人工湿地处理农村生活污水的脱氮影响因素  

Nitrogen removal of rural domestic sewage in subsurface constructed wetlands

作　　者：张跃峰[1,2] 刘慎坦[1] 谢祥峰[1] 李先宁[1] 吕锡武[1] 

机构地区：[1]东南大学能源与环境学院/教育部环境医学工程重点实验室,江苏南京210096 [2]江苏省住房和城乡建设厅,江苏南京210036

出　　处：《江苏大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第4期487-491,共5页Journal of Jiangsu University：Natural Science Edition

基　　金：江苏省自然科学基金资助项目(BK2008322);国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BAC57B04);国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项基金资助项目(2009ZX07318-006)

摘　　要：采用组合基质人工湿地和煤渣基质人工湿地处理农村生活污水,研究2种不同基质人工湿地的脱氮效果及影响脱氮性能的因素.结果表明:组合基质人工湿地在水力负荷为10 cm.d-1时,表现出较高的脱氮效果,氨氮和总氮的平均去除率分别为83.2%和76.2%;煤渣基质人工湿地在15 cm.d-1时脱氮效果最佳,氨氮和总氮的平均去除率分别为73.9%和71.1%.此外,湿地溶解氧水平、有机碳源和氮形态对人工湿地脱氮具有显著的影响.人工湿地中、后段的溶解氧和有机碳源不足,是导致氨氮和总氮的去除效果下降的重要影响因素;人工湿地进水氮形态不同显著影响湿地脱氮效果,较高的氧化态氮比例有利于总氮去除.Rural sewage was treated by two constructed wetlands with different substrates,and nitrogen removal efficiency and factors were studied.The results indicate that the combined substrate constructed wetland shows high nitrogen removal efficiency at hydraulic loading of 10 cm·d-1,and the average removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen are 83.2% and 76.2%,respectively.The optimal hydraulic loading for cinder constructed wetland is 15 cm·d-1,and the average removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen are 73.9% and 71.1%,respectively.Nitrogen removal efficiency is significantly influenced by dissolved oxygen level,organic carbon sources and nitrogen forms in constructed wetland.The shortage of dissolved oxygen and organic carbon sources in the middle and later of constructed wetlands is the key reason for the decrease of nitrogen removal.Nitrogen removal efficiency is significantly influenced by nitrogen form,and total nitrogen removal efficiency is high for the sewage with high proportion of nitrate nitrogen.

关 键 词：人工湿地 农村生活污水 水力负荷 氮形态 溶解氧 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]