生活垃圾填埋场甲烷自然减排的新途径——厌氧与好氧的共氧化作用  

New Way for Natural Mitigation of Methane in Domestic Waste Landfill Sites:Co-oxidation of Anaerobic and Aerobic Oxidation

作　　者：周海燕 韩丹[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海老港废弃物处置有限公司,上海201302 [2]同济大学,上海200092

出　　处：《环境卫生工程》2011年第2期59-62,共4页Environmental Sanitation Engineering

摘　　要：通过证实生活垃圾填埋场中甲烷厌氧氧化与好氧氧化的共存,提出了甲烷自然减排的新途径。分别选取暴雨过后垃圾填埋表层30～60 cm的覆土、1.5 m以下的垃圾以及底层矿化垃圾做硫酸盐还原菌阳性反应实验,结果表明:生活垃圾填埋体不同填埋层都存在不同数量级的硫酸盐还原菌,且底层矿化垃圾中的硫酸盐还原菌的数量最多,表层覆土中最少。颗粒大小比例为50%∶50%的垃圾样品表现出最佳的甲烷好氧与厌氧氧化效果,且厌氧氧化在共氧化作用中的比例达到20%以上。含水率为25%时,矿化垃圾中微生物活性最大,好氧与厌氧氧化甲烷速率均达到最大;当含水率接近70%时,甲烷厌氧氧化的贡献率可达30%以上。外源甲烷的补充可以驯化甲烷氧化微生物,其中甲烷好氧氧化时间最大可缩短50%;而甲烷通入量超过2 mL后,甲烷好氧与厌氧氧化均受到抑制。A new way for natural mitigation of methane was put forward by authenticating co-oxidation of anaerobic and aerobic oxidation of methane in domestic waste landfill sites. The soil at 30-60 cm, the waste below 1.5 m from the surface, and the aged waste at the bottom, were selected for the experiments of sulfate-reducing bacteria positive reaction. The results showed that sulfate-reducing bacteria nearly existed in all landfill layers of waste landfill bodies, and aged waste at the bottom contained most, the surface soil contained least. Waste samples with 50% ： 50% of coarse and fine particle size proportion showed the best methane oxidation effect of aerobic and anaerobic oxidation, and anaerobic oxidation accounted for above 20%. Microbial activity in aged waste and its methane co-oxidation rate both reached the maximum value as moisture content was 25%. Anaerobic oxidation rate could reach more than 30% as moisture content was close to 70%. Supplement of exogenous methane could culture methane-oxidizing bacteria and shorten the time of aerobic oxidation to 50% at the most, However, both aerobic and anaerobic oxidation would be weakened as the amount of exogenous methane was beyond 2 mL.

关 键 词：生活垃圾填埋场 甲烷 好氧氧化 厌氧氧化 硫酸盐还原菌 

分 类 号：X705[环境科学与工程—环境工程]