昌邑海洋生态特别保护区土壤养分的空间异质性与植物群落的分布  

Spatial Heterogeneity of Soil Nutrients and Distribution of Plant Community in Changyi Marine Ecological Special Protection Area

作　　者：汤爱坤[1] 刘汝海[1] 许廖奇[1] 王金玉[1] 刘一霆[2] 

机构地区：[1]海洋环境与生态教育部重点实验室中国海洋大学,山东青岛266100 [2]国家海洋局北海环境监测中心,山东青岛266033

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2011年第3期88-93,共6页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：海洋局公益性专项"基于生态需水的黄河口滨海湿地与近岸海域综合承载力研究"(20080508006);国家重大专项"典型北方缺水城市湖泊水质水量保障与生境改善技术"(2009ZX07106-003)

摘　　要：2009年9月对昌邑海洋生态特别保护区进行调查研究,分析了土壤水分、盐分、养分(有机质、氮和磷)等要素的空间异质性及其与植被群落生态分布的相互关系。结果表明,土壤含水率与可溶性盐、有机质之间,以及可溶性盐和有机质之间均在0.01水平上显著相关;有机质与全氮在0.05水平上显著正相关,与全磷的相关性不显著。从陆向海方向,土壤含水率和可溶性盐含量升高,有机质含量降低,群落组成种类减少,群落盖度降低;由以狗尾草为优势种多种植物伴生的杂草群落演变成单一的柽柳、碱蓬群落,最后耐盐大的翅碱蓬成为群落的单优势种,物种的丰富度和多样性均显著降低。In order to study the relationship between spatial heterogeneities and distribution of plant community,the soil moisture,salt,organic carbon,total nitrogen and total phosphorus were investigated in the Changyi Marine Ecological Special Protection Area in September,2009.The results show that,the water content closely related with dissolved salt content and organic carbon with high co-efficiencies（p0.01）.Meanwhile,the organic carbon significantly co-related with total nitrogen（p0.05）,but not with the total phosphorus.The soil water content and salt content increased from the land to the sea,while the organic carbon,vegetation composition and coverage decreased at the same time.Moving seaward,the species abundance and diversity of plant decreased,evolving from diversified shrubs and herbs dominated by Setaria viridis to predominantly salt-tolerant community of Tamarix chinensis Lour.,Suaeda glauca,and then to mono-species of Suaeda salsa（L.） Pall.

关 键 词：昌邑海洋生态特别保护区 土壤养分 空间异质性 植被分布 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学] S152.75[农业科学—农业基础科学]