黄土旱塬冬小麦磷素含量累积动态与磷肥利用效率研究  

Dynamics of Phosphorus Accumulation and Utilization Efficiency of Winter Wheat on Dry Highlands of Loess Plateau

作　　者：陈璐[1] 党廷辉[1,2] 戚瑞生[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《水土保持通报》2011年第3期190-193,共4页Bulletin of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金："973"国家基础研究项目"磷循环过程;有效性机制及其影响因素"(2005CB121102);中国科学院重要方向项目"旱作农田生态系统水碳氮耦合过程及碳库变化"(KZCX2-YW-424-2)

摘　　要：利用旱作长期定位施肥试验,研究施用磷肥对冬小麦植株磷素含量的动态变化以及磷肥利用效率的影响。结果表明,磷肥对冬小麦植株体内含磷量的影响呈V型,冬前期最高,随着作物生长逐渐降低,灌浆期达到最小值,随后又有回升。冬小麦磷素累积主要集中在拔节期—开花期,和灌浆期—成熟期2个阶段进行,保证这2个阶段磷素供应对小麦的良好生长有重要作用。从磷肥利用效率、产量等指标来看,在施用氮肥90 kg/hm2的情况下,磷肥用量应该控制在45～90 kg/hm2的合理范围内。Studies regarding plant phosphorus accumulation and utilization efficiency can provide scientific basis for reasonable application of phosphate.Dynamics of phosphorus content of winter wheat and utilization efficiency of winter wheat was conducted based on the long-term positional fertilization experiment on dry highland of the Loess Plateau.The results show that the phosphorus contents of winter wheat plants with application of phosphate fertilizer presented a V shape curve.Phosphorus contents of winter wheat were high during the early growth period,and decreased with the crop growth,and reached the minimum in the filling stage,and then rebounded in the last stage.Phosphorus of winter wheat accumulated mainly in two stages,i.e.,stage of jointing—flowering and stage of filling—mature.Sufficient supply of phosphorus in these two stages could ensure better growth of winter wheat.In terms of phosphorus utilization efficiency,yield and other indicators,phosphate application should be controlled in a reasonable range between 45～90 kg/hm2 in the scenario of nitrogen application 90 kg/hm2.

关 键 词：植株磷素含量 磷素累积量 磷肥利用率 磷素收获指数 肥料磷的效率 

分 类 号：S512.11[农业科学—作物学]