咸淡轮灌棉花耐盐指标及耐盐特征值研究  

Research on Anti-salinity Indexes and Eigenvalue of Cotton under Alternative Irrigation with Fresh and Saline Water

作　　者：冯棣[1] 张俊鹏[1] 孙景生[1] 李科江[2] 刘祖贵[1] 马俊永[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农田灌溉研究所农业部作物需水与调控重点开放实验室,河南新乡453003 [2]河北省农林科学院旱作农业研究所,河北衡水053000

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2011年第7期1-4,共4页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家棉花现代产业技术体系建设专项经费项目;"十一五"国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BADA3B05)

摘　　要：采用筒栽精确控制试验,模拟初始土壤含盐量较低,且降雨不足以对土壤进行淋洗的生产情况,通过分析不同生育期、不同程度盐分胁迫与棉花生长及生理指标的响应关系,得出不同生育期咸淡轮灌条件下棉花的耐盐指标及相应土壤含盐量的耐盐特征值。结果显示,株高相对增长量可以作为蕾期轮灌(AL)和花铃期轮灌(AH)的阶段耐盐指标,叶面积相对增长量可以作为AL、AH和吐絮期轮灌(AT)的阶段耐盐指标;相对铃数可以作为AL和AH的全生育期耐盐指标,相对叶面积可以作为AT的全生育期耐盐指标。在允许减产10%的情况下,AL与AH处理阶段土壤含盐量最好分别控制在0.277%和0.584%以下,全生育期土壤含盐量分别控制在0.486%和0.754%以下。AH较之AL和AT可以利用更多的微咸水。The potted experiment in a circumstance with lower initial soil salt content and less rainfall for leaching,is conducted to analyze the relationship between salt stresses at different growing stages,growth statuses and physiological indexes of cotton,and the salt tolerance index and relative salt tolerance eigenvalue of cotton are achieved under an alternative irrigation with fresh and saline water at different growing stages.The results show that the relative plant height increment can be used as the salt tolerance index of growing stage at the square stage（AL）and at the blossoming and boll forming stages（AH）,the relative leaf area increment can be used as the salt tolerance index of growing stage at the AL,AH and at the boll opening stage（AT）,relative boll numbers can be used as the salt tolerance index of the whole growing period at the AL and the AH.And the relative leaf area can be used as the salt tolerance index of the whole growing period at the AT under the alternative irrigation with fresh and saline water.Under the condition of yield decrease by 10%,soil salinity of cotton growing stage at AL and AH should be controlled at below 0.277% and 0.584% and the soil salinity at the end of growing period should be less than 0.486% and 0.754%.Irrigating saline water at the AH can utilize more saline water than irrigation at the AL and AT.

关 键 词：咸淡轮灌 棉花 耐盐指标 耐盐特征值 

分 类 号：S274.1[农业科学—农业水土工程]