微咸水滴灌对土壤盐分及棉花产量影响的试验研究  

Experimental Research on the Effects of Drip Irrigation with Brackish Water on Soil Salinity and Cotton Output

作　　者：李莎[1,2] 何新林[1,2] 王振华[1,2] 陈书飞[1,2] 贾文俊[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]石河子大学水利建筑工程学院,新疆石河子832000 [2]现代节水灌溉兵团重点试验室,新疆石河子83200

出　　处：《中国农村水利水电》2011年第7期16-20,共5页China Rural Water and Hydropower

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40861027);国家"973"计划前期研究专项项目(2009CB125901);国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2010CB951004);石河子大学自然科学基金重点项目(ZRKX2009ZD04-3)

摘　　要：为了确定微咸水膜下滴灌棉花适宜的灌水量和利用方式,通过测坑试验探讨了微咸水膜下滴灌灌水量以及利用方式对棉花根层土壤盐分及产量的影响,结果表明：微咸水膜下滴灌灌水量为525.00~675.00 mm时棉花根层周围盐分积累较少,灌水量为475.00~564.29 mm时棉花产量较高;比起采用3.00 g/L的微咸水直接灌溉,1.08 g/L的微咸水直接灌溉时根系层土壤积盐范围较小且棉花产量较高,其次为1.08 g/L与3.00 g/L的微咸水轮灌。最后综合考虑确定出微咸水膜下滴灌棉花适宜的灌水量范围为525.00~564.29 mm,在淡水资源比较缺乏或没有淡水资源而微咸水资源较丰富的地区,可以考虑采用低矿化度的微咸水直接灌溉或将低矿化度与高矿化度的微咸水进行轮灌。In order to determine appropriate irrigation quota and use model of cotton under drip irrigations with brackish water,this paper studies the effect of irrigation quota and use model on soil salinity in root zones and the yield of cotton under drip irrigation with brackish water through test-pit experiments,the results show that： under drip irrigation with brackish water the salt accumulation around root zones is lower when irrigation quota is 525.00~675.00 mm,the yield of cotton is higher when irrigation quota is 475.00~564.29.00 mm;compared with direct irrigation with brackish water of 3.00 g/L,the salt accumulation range in root zones is lower and the yield is higher when brackish water of 1.08 g/L is used,next is alternate irrigation with 1.08 g/L and 3.00 g/L.Finally through a comprehensive consideration it is determined that the appropriate irrigation quota range of cotton under drip irrigation with brackish water is 525.00~564.29 mm,the area can use brackish water with low salinity to irrigation directly or alternate irrigation with brackish water of low salinity and high salinity where freshwater resources are scarce but brackish water resources are relatively rich.

关 键 词：微咸水 膜下滴灌 土壤盐分 棉花产量 

分 类 号：S275.6[农业科学—农业水土工程]