小麦-玉米轮作制度下潮土硝态氮的分布及合理施氮肥研究  

Study on Distribution of Nitrate-N in Chao Soil and Reasonable Application of N Fertilizer under the Crop Rotation System of Winter Wheat and Corn

作　　者：黄绍敏[1] 宝德俊[1] 皇甫湘荣[1] 张鸿程[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南省农科院土壤肥料研究所,郑州450002

出　　处：《土壤与环境》1999年第4期271-273,共3页Soil and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：农业部重点科研计划项目

摘　　要：利用田间小区试验研究了小麦－玉米轮作中在不同施氮量和不同时期潮土1m土层中硝态氮的计中状况结果表明：3年不施氮肥的土壤仍有6～16kg／hm2的硝态氮，其中0～20cm土层占20％～34％．80％～100cm上层占10％～18％；每季施氨量小于225kg／hm2时．1m上层中各时期硝态氮含量变化不大，在11．4～41．3kg／hm2之间；当施氮量增加到375kg／hm2时，1m土层的硝态氮含量增加1．5～7．4倍，有7．4％～29．9％分布在0～20cm上层中，10％～16％分布在80～100cm上层中225kg／hm2对作物斋求及对土壤环境来说是一个合理的施只量。The distribution of nitrate-N in one meter of soil layer under the different application rates of N fertilizer at various stages was studied. The results indicated that there was still 6～16 kg/hm2 nitrate-N in soil layer without applying N fertilizer for three years, and of which, there were 20～34 percent distributed in 0～20cm soil layef, 10～18 percent in 80～100 cm soil layer. When N application rate was less than 225 kg/hm2 per season, the contents of nitrate-N in soil varied little, being 11.4～41.3 kg/hm2. It increased by 1.5～7.4 times when the N fertilizer application rate added to 375 kg/hm2, and under this application rate, there were 7.4～29.9percent of nitrate-N distributed in 0～20 cm soil layer, and 10～16 percent in 80～100 cm soil layer. The application rate of 225 kg/hm2 would be reasonable for the crops and soil environment.

关 键 词：小麦 玉米 轮作制度 潮土 硝态氮 氮肥 

分 类 号：S512.106.2[农业科学—作物学] S344.1