基于SRTM数据的中国新一代天气雷达覆盖和地形遮挡评估  

Evaluations on Chinese Next Generation Radars Coverage and Terrain Blockage Based on SRTM Data

作　　者：王曙东[1,2,3] 裴翀[3] 郭志梅[3] 邵楠[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体力学数值模拟国家重点实验室,北京100029 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049 [3]中国气象局气象探测中心,北京100081

出　　处：《气候与环境研究》2011年第4期459-468,共10页Climatic and Environmental Research

基　　金：中国气象局气象灾害监测预警与应急工程"综合气象观测系统运行监控平台(ASOM)建设"

摘　　要：利用航天飞机雷达地形测绘数据（Shuttle Radar Topography Mission,SRTM）3 s高分辨率地形数据对全国已建成的158部新一代天气雷达分别进行了地形遮挡和覆盖能力计算,并提出了3个定量指标：覆盖比、高度-面积指数和等效覆盖半径。按照这些指标,对各雷达进行了计算和统计,并分析典型雷达站点的覆盖和遮挡情况。同时综合评估了全国雷达网的覆盖能力,结果表明青藏高原地区和西北地区覆盖较少,东部地区除部分山区雷达遮挡严重,大部分覆盖较好,全国1、2、3 km高度的覆盖率分别为16.9%、38.8%、52.8%,东部地区相应覆盖率达27.1%、59.8%、76.8%。0~3 km高度范围内,东南到华南沿海地区普遍有2个雷达重叠,华东到华北平均有2~4个雷达重叠,内蒙古中部和东北地区平均有1~2个覆盖重叠。可以认为我国雷达总体布局较好。With Shuttle Radar Topography Mission（SRTM） 3-second high resolution terrain data,the terrain blockage and coverage of ChInese Next generation RADars（CINRADs） are computed,and the theoretical results correspond with real radar echoes fairly well.In order to quantitatively assess the detecting ability of CINRADs,the authors proposed and illustrated three factors,that is coverage ratio,height-area index,and its equivalent radius.Finally,an overall assessment was given on the 158 CINRADs coverage over China,that is the coverage ratios of three height levels（1 km,2 km,and 3 km above ground level） are 16.9%,38.8%,and 52.8%,respectively.The Tibetan Plateau and the northwestern part of China are relatively less covered,while the eastern part（22°N-42°N,102°E-120°E） are well covered with ratios of 27.1%,59.8%,and 76.8%,respectively.As to 3-km above ground level,the coastal areas have 2-radar coverage overlapping and the eastern and northern parts of China have 2-4-radar coverage overlapping;the center part of the Inner Mongolia and the north eastern part of China have 1-2-radar coverage overlapping.

关 键 词：新一代天气雷达 航天飞机雷达地形测绘数据 地形遮挡 覆盖比 高度-面积指数 等效覆盖半径 

分 类 号：P411[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]