发酵床养猪垫料的养分转化与植物毒性研究  

Nutrition Transformation and Phytotoxicity of Pig Litters Under Pig-on-Litter(POL) System

作　　者：陆扬[1] 吴淑杭[1] 周德平[1] 薛惠琴[1] 李荣杰[1] 陈谊[1] 夏东[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市农业科学院,上海201106

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2011年第7期1409-1412,共4页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：上海市科委重点攻关项目(08DZ1900403);上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(沪农科攻字(2009)第5-1号)上海市科技兴农推广项目(沪农科推字(2008)第5-5号);国家公益性行业专项(201003011)

摘　　要：发酵床养殖技术也被称为原位堆肥技术,是一种值得推荐的控制畜场粪便排放与污染的生态养殖模式。本研究检测了发酵床的水分、温度和pH值变化以及在连续饲养两批猪后垫料中碳、氮和磷的组成与含量变化情况及其对植物毒性的强弱。结果表明,发酵床使用期间水分为58%-61%,垫料内部温度维持在40-55℃;在连续饲养两批猪后,垫料的pH值升高至8.16,氮、磷含量显著提高,铵态氮、亚硝态氮和硝态氮浓度显著升高,C/N比由养猪前的84∶1下降至31∶1,N/P比由2.8∶1下降至1.26∶1;垫料中的总铜浓度由7mg·kg^-1升高至89mg·kg^-1。以白菜种子作发芽试验考察废弃垫料的植物毒性,其相对发芽率为86.67%,相对根长为132.95%,发芽指数（Germination Index,GI）为115.23%,说明饲养了两批肥猪的发酵床垫料无植物毒性作用,对根的生长有促进作用,可作为有机肥还田。The pig-on-litter（POL） system, also known as in-situ composting is one of the most highly recommended methods to threat pig wastes. A study was carried out to investigate the changes of water content, temperature and pH of the compost resulting from the POL system. The changes in the forms and content of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus of the compost were also examined. The phytotoxicity of the extracts after two successive batches of pigs was assessed using the Chinese cabbage seed germination test. The results showed that 58%-61% of water content and 40-55 ℃ were maintained during two successive patches of pigs. The pH value of the compost increased to 8.16, and the con- tent of total N, NH4^-N, NO2^-N, NO3^-N and total P increased significantly. The C/N ratio decreased from 84：1 to 31：1, the N/P ratio decreased from 2.8：1 to 1.26：1. The content of total Cu increased from 7 mg·kg^-1 to 89 mg·kg^-1. The relative seed germination was 86.67%, the relative root growth was 132.95% and the germination index （GI） was 115.23%. The compost could be used as organic fertilizers since no phytotoxicity but root growth promotion by the compost was found with the seed germination test.

关 键 词：发酵床养猪系统 垫料 养分转化 植物毒性 发芽指数 

分 类 号：S141.4[农业科学—肥料学]