近岸海域生态质量状况综合评价方法——以同安湾为例  

An integrated assessment method of ecological quality status in coastal waters: Taking Tong'an Bay as a case

作　　者：陈朝华[1] 吴海燕[1,2] 陈克亮[1] 陈庆辉[1] 吴吉春[2] 张景飞[2] 

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局第三海洋研究所,福建厦门361005 [2]南京大学水科学系污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室,南京210093

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2011年第7期1841-1848,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家海洋局第三海洋研究所基本科研业务专项(海三科2009064);国家海洋局海洋生态环境科学与工程重点实验室开放基金项目(MESE-2009-06);海洋公益性行业科研专项(200805065)资助

摘　　要：基于国外近岸海域生态质量状况综合评价方法,结合我国海洋环境质量评价的研究现状,从生物要素以及水质和沉积物的物理化学要素中筛选出11个指标构成近岸海域生态质量状况综合评价指标体系;综合考虑国内外的评价标准,确定了优、良、中、差、劣5个生态质量状况等级的评价标准;采用层次分析和模糊数学的方法构建近岸海域生态质量状况综合评价方法,并通过同安湾生态质量状况等级与较大的人为扰动以及污染物浓度分布的相关分析对该评价方法进行验证.结果表明:同安湾生态质量状况综合评价等级为中级,处于向差过渡的状态,受人为扰动较大;该方法能够较好地反映主要的人为环境压力和风险因子,同时对未超标的污染因子有一定的预警作用.Based on the integrated assessment methods of ecological quality status（EcoQS） in coastal waters abroad as well as the domestic related research status,11 indices were selected from the biotic and physicochemical elements of water and sediment to built an integrated EcoQS assessment index system,and,with the comprehensive consideration of domestic and international evaluation standards,5 levels of EcoQS classified as ＂high,good,moderate,poor,and bad＂ were determined.Then,an integrated assessment method of EcoQS in coastal waters was established by using analytic hierarchy process（AHP） and fuzzy mathematics method,and tested by the analysis of the correlations between the EcoQS grade and the major anthropogenic disturbances and pollutant concentrations of Tong＇an Bay.The EcoQS of Tong＇an Bay was assessed as moderate,i.e.,the Bay was moderately disturbed and in transitional to poor status.The established integrated assessment method could not only reflect the major anthropogenic environmental pressure and risk factors,but also give an early warning of the pollutants satisfied by law in the study area.

关 键 词：近岸海域 生态质量状况 模糊综合评价 指标体系 同安湾 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程]