青阳参小孢子发生和雄配子体发育  

Microsporogenesis and Male Gametophyte Development of Cynanchum otophyllum Schneid

作　　者：王定康[1] 孙桂芳[2] 翟书华[1] 赵铮[1] 王斌[1] 

机构地区：[1]昆明学院生物系,昆明650214 [2]昆明医学院临床技能中心,昆明650031

出　　处：《植物研究》2011年第4期392-396,共5页Bulletin of Botanical Research

基　　金：教育部科学技术研究重点项目(209115);云南省应用基础研究计划项目(2007C262M)

摘　　要：利用常规石蜡制片技术、荧光显微技术、光镜细胞化学技术、电子显微镜技术对青阳参小孢子发生和雄配子体发育进行了详细观察。结果显示,小孢子孢原细胞起源于皮下组织并在两个地方分化;孢原细胞平周分裂形成初生壁层和初生造孢层,初生壁层细胞再经过平周分裂形成2层细胞,其中最内一层即为绒毡层,绒毡层为分泌型绒毡层,既为小孢子发育提供营养来源,又分泌分泌物形成包围花粉粒的膜;初生造孢层细胞直接行使小孢子母细胞的功能;成熟花粉粒中含有大量淀粉粒、蛋白质、内质网、叶绿体、脂体和大液泡;包围花粉粒的膜和花粉粒之间的膜含有蛋白质成分和脂类成分;小孢子细胞核分裂形成营养细胞和生殖细胞,营养细胞和生殖细胞间没有细胞板形成,生殖细胞呈透镜型、比营养细胞小。Using traditional paraffin wax section,fluorescence microscopy,cytochemistry and TEM techniques,the microsporogenesis and male gametophyte development of Cynanchum otophyllum Schneid were observed in detail.The results showed that the anthers are 2-locular;the archesporium is hypodermal in origin and differentiates at two places;the archesporial cells divide periclinally to form a primary parietal layer and the primary sporogenous layer;the parietal layer then divides to form the tapetum;the tapetum is formed by 1-2 layers cells and is of the secretory type,it provides food materials to the developing microspores and the secretion to form the membrane of pollinium;the primary sporogenous cells function directly as the microspore mother cells;there are some starch grains,protein,endoplasm,chloroplast,lipocyte and vacuole existed in mature pollens;the membrane of pollen and pollinium contains protein and lipid;the nucleus of the microspore divides to produce the vegetative and generative nuclei;no true cell plate is formed but the cells are separated by a clear concave space;the generative cell is lenticular in outline and smaller in size than the vegetative cell.

关 键 词：青阳参 小孢子发生 雄配子体 

分 类 号：S567.2[农业科学—中草药栽培]