白蚁巢菌圃真菌多样性研究(英文)  

Fungal diversity of fungus comb in termite nests

作　　者：钱茜[1,2] 李赛飞[1] 文华安[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院微生物研究所真菌地衣系统学重点实验室,北京100101 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《菌物学报》2011年第4期556-565,共10页Mycosystema

基　　金：Supported by National Natural Science Fundation of China(NNSFC)(No.31070017)

摘　　要：培菌性白蚁能在存在于蚁巢或分散在其周围土壤中的菌圃上培养真菌。菌圃在无白蚁存在下培养会生长出炭角菌的子实体。对分别采集自我国西南四川、云南两省的4个土白蚁属菌圃采用原位培养法分离并纯化得到40株炭角菌,划分为13个形态型,ITS1-5.8S-ITS2序列分析确定为两种炭角菌。采用建立ITS基因文库的方法分析了白蚁菌圃真菌群落多样性,结果表明有白蚁存在的菌圃,蚁巢伞为单一优势菌;废弃的蚁巢中的菌圃,木霉、炭角菌等其他真菌成为优势菌。Fungus-growing termites cultivate fungi on a substrate called fungus comb inside their nests or dispersed around neighborhood soil.When fungus comb is incubated without termites,fruiting bodies of the ascomycete genus Xylaria are prevailing.Four comb samples were collected from nests of fungus-growing termites belonging to the genus Odontotermes in Sichuan and Yunnan Province in southwestern China and 40 fungal strains divided into 13 morphotypes of Xylaria were isolated.Xylaria isolates were identified as two different species based on ITS1-5.8S-ITS2 sequences.To clarify the entire fungal community especially changes of the comb between a termite-activated nest and an abandoned one,ITS gene libraries were set up.Data analysis clearly demonstrated that fungus combs were monocultures of Termitomyces when fungus-growing termites live in the nest;but when they were abandoned for some time,they turned out to be polycultures of Trichoderma,Xylaria and other fungi.

关 键 词：培菌性白蚁 菌圃 炭角菌 ITS基因文库 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]