施肥及作物生长对田间非点源产污的影响  

Impact of fertilizer and crop growth on non-point source pollution

作　　者：廖义善[1] 卓慕宁[1] 李定强[1] 廖新荣[1] 郭太龙[1] 乔玉娜[1] 

机构地区：[1]广东省生态环境与土壤研究所//广东省农业环境综合治理重点实验室,广东广州510650

出　　处：《生态环境学报》2011年第5期886-891,共6页Ecology and Environmental Sciences

基　　金：广东省重大科技专项(2009A080303008;2008A080800028);广东省科技攻关项目(2010B010900046);国家科技重大专项河流主题东江项目(2009ZX07211-002)

摘　　要：为了揭示施肥及作物生长对田间非点源污染的影响,分别在节瓜地布设不施肥、无机肥、无机肥+有机肥、有机肥、有机肥+多肽肥、多肽肥等6种施肥处理的小区,并于节瓜生长的初瓜期、盛瓜期、清藤期采用放水浸泡土壤的方法,测试不同施肥及作物生长状态下田间非点源产污强度。研究表明:在节瓜的生长过程中,各试验小区非点源产污强度呈现初瓜期>清藤期>盛瓜期的趋势。各营养元素的主要输出时段有所差异,总N、NH4-N的为初瓜期,总P、总K的为清藤期,NO3-N的为盛瓜期。在灌溉水作用下整个作物生长阶段的非点源产污总量从大到小依次为,有机肥、无机肥+多肽肥、无机肥+有机肥、不施肥、多肽肥、无机肥,试验表明该多肽肥具有一定的减污效果。In order to reveal the impact of fertilizer and crop growth on non-point source pollution, 6 kinds of manure fertilization treatments were placed on the chieh-qua field： no fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer ＋ organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer, organic fertilizer, fertilizer ＋ peptide and peptide fertilizer. The soils in these treatments were soaked in the early growth period, mid-growth period and clear cane period of chieh-qua respectively, to test non-point source pollution level of field soils under different fertilization and crops. Study results showed that non-point source pollution intensity of each experimental plot decreased in the order： the early growth period 〉 the clear vines period〉 the mid-growth period. The nutrient output varied in the different growth periods of chieh-qua. The maximum TN and NHa-N output was in the early growth period. The maximum TP and TK output was in the clear vines period. The maximum NOs-N output was in the mid-growth period. In the state of water, under different fertilizer treatments throughout the crop growth periods, the non-point source pollution decreased in the order： organic fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer ＋ peptide fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer ＋ organic fertilizer, no fertilizer, peptide fertilizer, inorganic fertilizer. Study proved that the peptide can reduce pollution to some extent.

关 键 词：施肥 多肽肥 非点源污染 蔬菜地 

分 类 号：X508[环境科学与工程—环境工程]