油气勘探新领域:火山岩油气藏——松辽盆地大型火山岩气田发现的启示  

New oil and gas exploration field:volcanic hydrocarbon reservoirs Enlightenment from the discovery of the large gas field in Songliao basin

作　　者：冯志强[1] 刘嘉麒[2] 王璞珺[3] 陈树民[1] 冯子辉[1] 童英[1,4] 

机构地区：[1]大庆油田有限责任公司,大庆163712 [2]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所,北京100029 [3]吉林大学地球科学学院,长春130026 [4]中国地质科学院地质研究所,北京100037

出　　处：《地球物理学报》2011年第2期269-279,共11页Chinese Journal of Geophysics

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展计划项目(2009CB219300)资助

摘　　要：通过观念转变和理论与技术创新,大庆油田在松辽盆地徐家围子断陷深层火山岩天然气勘探获得重大突破,使火山岩由原来的油气勘探"禁区"变为"靶区".从而带动了全国的火山岩油气勘探,促使国内油气储量的不断增长.研究表明,各类火山岩均有可能成为良好的储层.与沉积岩相比,火山岩在盆地深层具有体积大、储层物性受埋深影响小、孔渗条件好等三大优势.火山岩主要出现在盆地发育早期,旋回性火山作用多与快速沉降的非补偿型沉积序列互层,可形成多套有效的生储盖组合,且火山岩油气来源具多样性,因此深层火山岩必然是油气勘探的有利目标.虽然我国东、西部具有形成两个万亿方火山岩大气区的地质条件,但探明率偏低.就全球而言,火山岩油气勘探的程度普遍很低,火山岩油气资源潜力以往被大大低估了,因此火山岩油气藏必将成为未来油气勘探的重要领域.Based on the new insight into the volcanic sequence coupled with associated theory and technique innovation, large volcanic gas fields were successfully found in the Songliao basin NE China. Volcanic rocks have thus been changed from the ＂forbidden zone＂ to the ＂target＂ in oil and gas exploration for the first time there. This has promoted the volcanic exploration of China and brought rapid growth of petroleum reserves in recent years. Compared with sedimentary rocks, volcanics in deep of the basin have three major advantages including large volume, little change of reservoir space with depth of burial, better porosity and permeability. Various volcanic rocks can become effective reservoirs. Volcanic successions developed mainly in early stage of the basin evolution and interbedded with non-compensated sedimentary sequence of rapid subsidence, which could form different kind of combination of petroleum system. In addition, volcanic reservoirs have more chance to receive gases from multi sources. Therefore, deep basin volcanics will inevitably become favorable exploration targets for oil and gas. Although there are geologically the potential for forming the two trillion square sized volcanic gas regions in the eastern and western of China, a lot of work left to be done. Volcanic oil and gas exploration is just at the preliminary step globally. Their resource potential has been greatly underestimated up to now. We therefore believe that volcanic reservoirs will certainly become important field of oil and gas exploration in the near future.

关 键 词：火山岩油气藏 松辽盆地 油气勘探 大型气田 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]