成都地区学龄前儿童乙型肝炎血源疫苗效果考核及丙型肝炎感染情况的调查  

Evaluation of Effectiveness of Hepatitis B Plasma Derived Vaccine and a Survey of Hepatitis C Virus Infection in Preschool Children in Chengdu, Sichuan

作　　者：董军亚[1] 雷学忠[1] 尹仲良[2] 韩德琳[2] 雷秉钧[1] 

机构地区：[1]华西医科大学附属第一医院传染科,成都610041 [2]成都市卫生防疫站

出　　处：《华西医科大学学报》1999年第4期434-436,共3页Journal of West China University of Medical Sciences

摘　　要：为考核成都地区学龄前儿童自１９９２ 年新生儿普种乙型肝炎血源疫苗后的乙型肝炎（乙肝）感染情况和免疫水平，同时调查该地区丙型肝炎（丙肝）的流行情况，采用ＥＬＩＳＡ 法对９８５ 例标本的乙型肝炎指标（抗－ＨＢｓ、ＨＢｓ－Ａｇ）和丙型肝炎指标（抗－ＨＣＶ）进行了检测。结果：与免疫前相比，免疫后０～７ 岁社区儿童ＨＢｓ－Ａｇ 阳性率降至０．８９％ ，疫苗保护率为９１．３８％ 。免疫后０～７岁各年龄组儿童抗－ＨＢｓ 阳性率在５２％ 与１００％ 之间，随年龄增加，抗－ＨＢｓ 阳性率下降，但各年龄组ＨＢｓ－Ａｇ 阳性率并未随年龄增加而增加，说明乙型肝炎血源疫苗控制乙肝效果好。乙肝血源疫苗在患病儿童中效果较差，尚需进一步研究。丙肝抗体阳性率在社区儿童中为１．１８％ ，患病儿童中为３．１７％ ，表明成都是一丙肝流行区，可能存在母婴传播及幼龄儿童间传播的途径。This study was undertaken to evaluate the effectiveness of hepatitis B plasma derived vaccine and investigate the character of hepatitis C virus infection in preschool children. The anti HBs, HBsAg and anti HCV of 985 plasma samples were examined by ELISA. The results showed that the positive rate of HBsAg in the children (aged<7 yr) in the communities was 0.89% and the effectiveness of the vaccine was 91.38%. The positive rate of anti HBs decreased with the increase in age; the positive rate of HBsAg did not increase with age. The positive rate of HBsAg was as high as 4.69% in the children from hospitals, so supervision and enhanced vaccination should be administered properly in this group. The positiverate of anti HCV was 1.18% in the communities, but 3.17% in hospitals. It is worthy to investigate how children get infected with HCV.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎 血源疫苗 抗阳性率 儿童 丙型肝炎 

分 类 号：R725.126.2[医药卫生—儿科] R725.126.3[医药卫生—临床医学]