短期高温脉冲对瓜型棉蚜的抑制作用及其在防治中的应用  

Inhibitory effects of short-term high-temperature pulse on Aphis gossypii and the application in its control

作　　者：李晶晶[1,2] 马罡[2] 黄敏[1] 赵飞[2] 杨和平[2] 马春森[2] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学植物保护学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《中国植保导刊》2011年第7期10-13,共4页China Plant Protection

基　　金：科技部重大专项(2009ZX08011-027B)

摘　　要：模拟北方冬暖式大棚内的日变温模式,试验了日最高温分别为33、35和37℃的高温脉冲对1～5日龄瓜型棉蚜即瓜蚜(Aphis gossypii Glover)繁殖和寿命的影响。与日最高温33℃和35℃的高温脉冲相比,日最高温37℃的高温脉冲能显著降低成蚜的寿命和终身生殖量,高日龄瓜蚜经历高温后的终身生殖量和寿命明显降低。在43℃和45℃下1～6 h的短期高温对1～5日龄瓜蚜存活率影响的试验结果表明,45℃高温下处理3 h,瓜蚜的平均存活率可降到70%以下;43℃高温下处理4 h,除低日龄瓜蚜有较低的存活率外,高日龄的全部死亡。表明高温闷棚防治温室瓜蚜在生产实践中可考虑适当降低温度、延长高温持续的时间,也能达到抑制瓜蚜种群增长目的。By simulating fluctuating temperature in greenhouse,the inhibitory effects at different high-temperature pulses（maximum temperature=33,35 and 37 ℃） and ages（1,2,3,4 and 5 day-age） on reproduction and adult life span of Aphis gossypii Glover on cucumber were investigated.The life-time fecundity and life span of adults decreased significantly under the high-temperature pulse at 37 ℃ than those at 33 and 35 ℃.Compared with younger nymphs at 1~4 day-age,fecundity and life span of adults treated by high-temperature in elder nymph period at 5 day-age decreased evidently.Lethal effects of short-term high-temperature on A.gossypii at different ages（1,2,3,4 and 5 day-old） were tested at 43 and 45 ℃ for 1,2,3,4,5 and 6 hours respectively.Results indicated that survival rate of the aphids was lower than 70% after exposing at 45 ℃ for 2 hours.And the possibility of controlling A.gossypii by using high-temperature for few hours generated by solar radiation in air-tight greenhouse was discussed.

关 键 词：瓜蚜 高温脉冲 存活 繁殖 闷棚 

分 类 号：S436.421.21[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]