不同耕作措施对玉米植株磷含量的影响  

Effect of Different Farming Measures on Phosphorus Content of Corn Plants

作　　者：王春虎[1] 杨文平[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技学院农学系,河南新乡456003

出　　处：《河南农业科学》2011年第7期30-34,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家粮食丰产工程项目(2006BAD02A15)

摘　　要：在小麦-玉米一年两熟农作制度下进行了不同耕作措施对玉米植株磷含量的影响及其动态变化规律研究,以寻求最佳耕作措施。采用随机区组排列,设4个处理,8次重复。结果表明,各处理玉米植株不同器官含磷量以处理①(麦秸还田+深旋耕)较高,根系含磷量比对照(麦秸不还田+免耕)高0.46 g/kg,提高10.72%;茎秆含磷量比对照高0.43 g/kg,提高12.72%;叶片含磷量比对照高0.27 g/kg,提高6.43%;雄穗含磷量比对照高0.43 g/kg,提高15.58%。灌浆-成熟,雌穗磷含量比较,以处理③(麦秸还田+免耕)较高,比对照提高16.02%。综合分析比较,处理③不但雌穗磷含量高而且全生育期玉米植株磷素累计吸收量也最多,因此,该处理有利于玉米生殖生长和籽粒灌浆,易获高产,且省工省时,还有利于玉米苗期早发,增强玉米抗倒伏性,生产上应大力推广该项耕作措施。The effect of different cultivation measures on phosphorus content of corn plant and its dynamic change were explored under the wheat-corn annual double cropping farming systems,to find the best cultivation measures.The randomized block arrangement was applied,with 4 treatments and 8 replications.The test results indicated that the difference of corn plant phosphorus content reached to significant level under the different disposals and different periods.With the comparison of the average phosphorus content of different organs by various processing on maize plants,the processing ①（wheat straw returning to field ＋ deep plough） was the highest.The phosphorus content of root,stem,leaves and male ear was separately 0.46,0.43,0.27 and 0.43g/kg higher than the processing ④（wheat straw not returning to field ＋ no-tillage）,improving 10.72%,12.72%,6.43% and 15.58%.At the filling-mature stage,the comparison of phosphorus content of female ear showed that the processing③（wheat straw returning to field ＋ no-tillage） was 0.70g/kg higher than the processing ④,improving 16.02%.Through comprehensive analysis and comparison,the processing ③ was not only had high phosphorus content of female ear,but also had most total phosphorus uptake in the whole growth period,so it was beneficial to the reproductive growth and grain filling of corn.It was easy for getting high yield and could economize the labor quantity and time.It was advantageous to earlier development of the corn plants and enhanced their lodging-resistance.Thus,the cultivation measures of processing ③ should be extended in production.

关 键 词：玉米 耕作措施 麦秸还田 植株磷含量 

分 类 号：S513[农业科学—作物学]