聚丙烯腈超滤膜的制备  

Preparation of polyacrylonitrile ultrafiltration membranes

作　　者：方超平[1,2] 苏仪[1] 万印华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院过程工程研究所生化工程国家重点实验室,北京100190 [2]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《化学工程》2011年第7期65-68,共4页Chemical Engineering(China)

摘　　要：为了得到高性能的超滤膜,采用相转化法,以聚丙烯腈(PAN)为原料,N-甲基-吡咯烷酮(NMP)为溶剂,制备了聚丙烯腈超滤膜。采用纯水通量以及膜对牛血清蛋白(BSA)的截留率作为评价标准,并使用扫描电镜对膜结构进行表征。研究了聚合物质量分数、添加剂种类、凝胶浴温度、凝胶浴种类对膜性能的影响。研究发现:在一定范围内提高聚合物质量分数、在铸膜液中加入质量分数3%含羟基的小分子添加剂、降低凝胶浴的温度或者在凝胶浴中加入质量分数10%NaCl都会提高膜的截留性能,而膜的纯水通量会有不同程度的变化。实验结果表明:使用质量分数3%的LiCl.H2O作为添加剂时,可制得性能较好的超滤膜,膜纯水通量为227.52 L/(m2.h),BSA截留率为97.70%。For attaining the high performance ultrafiltration membranes,polyacrylonitrile（PAN） ultrafiltration membranes were prepared by the phase inversion process,with PAN as raw material and N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone（NMP） as solvent.The membranes were characterized in terms of the pure water flux,bovine serum albumin（BSA） rejection and field emission scanning electron microscopy（FESEM） observations.The effects of PAN mass fraction,different additives,different coagulation baths and coagulation temperature on membrane performance were investigated.The results show that BSA rejection can be improved by increasing PAN mass fraction,adding mass fraction 3% of small molecules containing hydroxyl group into the casting solution,decreasing the coagulation temperature,or adding mass fraction 10% NaCl into the coagulation bath,while the pure water flux of membranes may change in varying degrees.The experimental result reveals that the high performance membranes can be prepared by using mass fraction 3% LiCl·H2O as an additive,with water flux 227.52 L/（m2·h） and BSA rejection up to 97.70%.

关 键 词：聚丙烯腈 超滤膜 相转化法 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]