3种高山杜鹃对持续干旱的生理响应及抗旱性评价  

Physiological Response of Seedlings of Three Azalea Species of Drought Stress and Evaluation of Drought Resistance

作　　者：黄承玲[1,2] 陈训[3] 高贵龙[3] 

机构地区：[1]贵州大学林学院,贵阳550025 [2]贵州省植物园,贵阳550004 [3]贵州科学院,贵阳550001

出　　处：《林业科学》2011年第6期48-55,共8页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金：贵州省科技厅重大专项(2007[6005]号);国家农业成果转化项目(2007GB2F200289)

摘　　要：对土壤持续干旱条件下3种野生高山杜鹃幼苗的保护酶活性、渗透调节物质、丙二醛和质膜相对透性进行测定,研究3种高山杜鹃幼苗对干旱胁迫的生理响应,并进行抗旱性评价。结果表明:随干旱时间的延长,除了大白杜鹃叶片POD活性呈先降后升的趋势外,3种高山杜鹃的保护酶活性呈先升后降的变化趋势,大白杜鹃叶片SOD活性与其他2种杜鹃差异显著(P<0.05),POD活性与其他2种杜鹃有极显著差异(P<0.01);除大白杜鹃的可溶性糖含量呈持续上升趋势外,3种高山杜鹃的渗透调节物质都呈先升后降的变化趋势,大白杜鹃叶片可溶性糖含量与其他2种杜鹃有极显著差异(P<0.01),脯氨酸含量与其他2种杜鹃有显著差异(P<0.05);迷人杜鹃和露珠杜鹃叶片可溶性蛋白质含量的变化趋势则呈先升后降再升的变化趋势,大白杜鹃叶片可溶性蛋白质含量呈先升后降的趋势,大白杜鹃与其他2种杜鹃幼苗叶片中可溶性蛋白质含量有极显著差异(P<0.01),迷人杜鹃和露珠杜鹃叶片的可溶性蛋白质有显著差异(P<0.05);3种高山杜鹃叶片MDA含量呈先升后降再升的变化趋势,而质膜相对透性明显增强,大白杜鹃叶片MDA含量与其他2种杜鹃有极显著差异(P<0.01),大白杜鹃与迷人杜鹃叶片的质膜相对透性有显著差异(P<0.05),与露珠杜鹃叶片的质膜相对透性差异极显著(P<0.01)。经隶属函数法分析得出3种高山杜鹃的抗旱性顺序为:露珠杜鹃>迷人杜鹃>大白杜鹃。通过灰色关联分析可知:丙二醛和保护酶活性与高山杜鹃抗旱性关联度较大,可以作为评价抗旱性的主要指标。Protective enzymes,osmotic adjustment,MDA and the protoplasmic membrane penetrability of three azalea species were studied under drought stress, and then the drought resistance was evaluated. The result showed that with the development of drought stress, the protective enzyme activities of three azalea species ascend in beginning and descend at last, except that POD activity of Rhododendron decorum was changed with a contrary trend, SOD activity of R. decorum had significant difference （P0.05）and POD activity of R. decorum had very significant difference （P0.01）from other two species of azalea. Osmolyte contents of the three species of azalea were increased in the beginning and decreased at last, except that the soluble sugar of R. decorum raised constantly, soluble sugar content of R. decorum had very significant difference （P0.01）and the proline content had significant difference（P0.05）from the other two species. There are significant difference of soluble protein between R.agastum and R. irroratum. MDA content of three species was increased first, then decreased later and increased again at the last. Relative membrane permeability of the all species were enhanced constantly, MDA content of R. decorum had very significant difference （P0.01） from the other two species of azalea. The difference of relative membrane permeability between R. decorum and R.agastum was significant （P0.05）. The difference of relative membrane permeability between R. decorum and R. irroratum was very significant （P0.01）. A subordinate function was used to rank their drought tolerance, and the order was： R. irroratumR.agastumR. decorum. SOD,POD and MDA were the key indicators to evaluate the drought resistance of azalea.

关 键 词：高山杜鹃 持续干旱 生理响应 抗旱性 

分 类 号：S718.43[农业科学—林学]