强降雨在滑坡发育中的关键控制机理及典型实例分析  

Key Dominant Mechanism of Heavy Rain in Landslide Development and Analysis of a Typical Case

作　　者：崔云[1,2,3] 孔纪名[1,2] 倪振强[1,2,3] 孙峰[1,2,3] 蔡强[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院山地灾害与地表过程重点实验室,四川成都610041 [2]中国科学院.水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,四川成都610041 [3]中国科学院研究生院,北京100049

出　　处：《灾害学》2011年第3期13-17,共5页Journal of Catastrophology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(50639070)

摘　　要：通过构建水动力作用模型,对降雨的激发控制作用进行分析,得出水动力控制机理的结论:强降雨控制滑坡发育,集中表现在改变土体的静水压力、动水压力与浮托力的作用三方面。选取重庆市黔江流水湾滑坡为典型实例,对强降雨的激发控制作用进行验证,强降雨的水动力作用过程分为坡体剪切、滑动开始、剧烈滑动三个不同阶段。最后,提出久旱过后强降雨是对大规模滑坡进行预警防控的关键时段,以期为暴雨滑坡形成机理研究和防灾减灾实践提供一定的理论借鉴。By constructing a model of hydrodynamic effect,the dominant roles of rainfall are analyzed,and the conclusions of the key hydrodynamic mechanisms are concentrated on the heavy three changes of rainfall in the hydrostatic pressure of soil,dynamic water pressure and buoyancy.Furthermore,by case study on Liushuiwan landslide in Qianjiang of Chongqing,the key roles of heavy rain on stimulating the landslides are verified,which is divided into three stages： slope cutting,slide beginning and severe sliding.Finally,for expectation of providing a theoretical reference for the research on the formation mechanism of heavy rain landslide and its mitigation practices,strong rain after long drought is proposed as a key period of early warning of large scale landslides.

关 键 词：强降雨 山地灾害 水动力模型 滑坡 重庆黔江流水湾 

分 类 号：P426.616[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P642.22