阿月浑子褐斑病病原菌生物学特性研究  

Study on Biological Characteristics of Pathogen of Pistacia vera Leaf Brown Spot

作　　者：杨书宇[1] 苏淑钗[1] 樊桂敏[1] 陈志刚[1] 冷平生[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京林业大学省部共建森林培育与保护重点实验室,北京100083 [2]北京农学院园林系,北京102206

出　　处：《安徽农业科学》2011年第19期11471-11473,11498,共4页Journal of Anhui Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家林业局"948"项目"阿月浑子优良品种及栽培管理技术引进"(96-4-71-02)

摘　　要：[目的]研究阿月浑子褐斑病的发病规律及其病原菌的生物学特性。[方法]田间实地调查阿月浑子褐斑病的发病规律;从阿月浑子发病组织中分离纯化出一种真菌,室内观察其培养性状和形态特征,根据其形态鉴定其分类地位;研究了不同温度对病原菌菌丝生长的影响以及不同温、湿度对病原菌孢子萌发的影响。[结果]阿月浑子褐斑病是一种真菌性病害,主要侵染阿月浑子叶片和果实,造成叶斑和枯梢,在我国的阿月浑子引种地发病情况严重。该病原真菌经鉴定为链格孢(Alternaria alternaria),其菌丝生长的最适温度为20～25℃;孢子萌发最适温度为25～30℃,最适相对湿度在95%以上。[结论]春夏之交和夏秋之交是病害发生的2个高峰期,夏季连续阴雨是阿月浑子叶片褐斑病侵染和爆发的决定性条件。[Objective]The paper was to study the occurrence law of Pistacia vera leaf brown spot and the biological characteristics of its pathogen.[Method]The occurrence law of Pistacia vera leaf brown spot was investigated in field.A fungus was isolated and purified from the diseased tissue of P.vera,its cultural trait and morphological characteristics were observed in indoor experiment,and the classification status was identified according to its morphology.The effects of different temperatures on mycelial growth of the pathogen,as well as the effects of different temperatures and humidity on spore germination of the pathogen were also studied.[Result]P.vera leaf brown spot was a fungal disease,which mainly infected the leaves and fruits of P.vera,causing leaf spot and blight.The disease had serious incidence in introduction place of P.vera in China.The fungal disease was identified to be Alternaria alternaria,the appropriate temperature for mycelial growth was 20-25 ℃,the appropriate temperature for spore germination was 25-30 ℃,and the appropriate relative humidity was over 95%.[Conclusion]Late spring and early summer,as well as late summer and early autumn are two peak periods for incidence of the disease,continuous rain in summer is the decisive condition for the infection and outbreak of P.vera leaf brown spot.

关 键 词：阿月浑子 褐斑病 链格孢 发病规律 

分 类 号：S567[农业科学—中草药栽培]