原始红松林积雪与融雪径流水化学特征分析  

Characteristics of snowpack and snowmelt runoff chemistry in virgin Pinus koraiensis forest

作　　者：闫丽[1] 蔡体久[1] 刘海亮[1] 白羽[1] 

机构地区：[1]东北林业大学林学院

出　　处：《北京林业大学学报》2011年第4期48-54,共7页Journal of Beijing Forestry University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30870420)

摘　　要：于2009年4月初—5月中旬,对凉水自然保护区内原始红松林积雪与融雪径流的pH值、电导率及SO42-、Cl-、NH4+、NO3-、总氮(TN)、总磷(TP)的浓度进行了测定,结合积雪厚度的变化,初步探讨了原始红松林积雪与融雪径流水化学特征及其变化规律。结果表明:1)不同郁闭度的原始红松林中各化学成分所表现的规律有所不同,其中电导率及Cl-、NO3-、SO42-、TN浓度的最大值出现在郁闭度为0.5或0.6的红松林,说明郁闭度为0.5～0.6的原始红松林保存营养成分的能力最强;相关分析表明,积雪厚度与电导率及SO42-、Cl-、TN浓度呈显著负相关,与NO3-呈极显著负相关。2)融雪过程中,与流域出口处的干流相比,原始红松林林内支流中除pH值外其他化学成分浓度的波动范围较小,但二者均有"离子脉冲"现象出现,且林内支流出现离子脉冲的日期滞后,峰值也较低。3)与积雪相比,融雪初期干流和支流中的pH值、电导率和SO42-浓度略有增加,其余则相反。We measured the pH, EC and concentrations of SO42^-, C1^-, NH4^＋ , NO.^-, total nitrogen （TN） and total phosphorus （TP） in snowpack and snowmeh runoffs in the virgin Pinus koraiensis forest in Liangshui Nature Reserve from March to May 2009. Combining with the thickness of snowpack, we discussed the characteristics and variations of snowpack and snowmelt runoff chemistry. The results were shown as the followings. 1 ） The chemical compositions varied among stands with different canopy closures, in which EC, C1^- , NO^3 , SOl^- and TN were highest in stands with a canopy closure of 0.5 or 0.6. It illustrated that the P. koraiensis forest with a canopy density of 0.5 -0.6 was the most effective in retaining nutrients. The correlation analysis showed a significantly negative correlation between snowpack thickness and EC. The concentrations of SO4^2-, C1^-, TN and NO3^- had extremely negative correlation with the thickness of snowpack as well. 2） During the snow melting period, the fluctuation ranges of the chemical constituents in the tributaries of the virgin Pinus koraieusis forest were smaller than those in the mainstream outlet except for pH. Both the tributaries and mainstream exhibited a phenomenon of ＂ ionic pulse＂ , which appeared later in the tributaries with a lower peak. 3 ） The pH, EC and the concentrations of SO4^2- in the mainstream and tributaries were lower in the early snow melting period than in the snowpack, while the others showed an opposite tendency.

关 键 词：原始红松林 积雪 融雪径流 化学特征 

分 类 号：S715-3[农业科学—林学]