急腹症:腹部影像诊断的一个新热点  

Acute Abdomen: A New Hot Topic of Abdominal Diagnostic Imaging

作　　者：闵鹏秋[1] 刘燕[1] 

机构地区：[1]华西医科大学附属第一医院,610041

出　　处：《中国医学计算机成像杂志》1999年第4期278-280,共3页Chinese Computed Medical Imaging

摘　　要：急腹症影像诊断的历史，可以追溯到２０ 年代和３０ 年代，当时Ｘ 线检查已用于胃肠穿孔和肠梗阻。７０ 年代超声波，放射性核素诊断和计算机断层摄影相继应用于急腹症的影像诊断。８０ 年代，随着ＣＴ 扫描的进步，它在许多方面都优于Ｘ 线平片检查。９０ 年代中期，ＭＲＩ 快扫技术和新序列的开发应用，使我们有可能在较短时间里比较清晰的解剖图象。近来已有一些利用前述最新进展应用于急腹症的文章发表。正如国际著名放射学家Ａｌｅｘａｎｄｅｒ Ｒ．Ｍａｒｇｕｌｉｓ 教授最近所说：“今天，腹部Ｘ 线平片政让位于ＣＴ 扫描及其它经计算机为基础的技术。ＣＴ 已成为当今评价急腹症、肠梗阻及腹部症性疾病最基本的检查方法”。由于腹部Ｘ 线平片及超声检查具有简便易行，比较经济等优点，而且对大部分见急腹症有相当诊断价值，因此仍为急腹症影像诊断首选的检查方法。而ＣＹ 则为急腹症最重要和最有效的检查方法。ＭＥＩ 有很好的发展前景。相信急腹症的影像检查及诊断会有一个十分光明的未来。The history of diagnostic imaging of acute abdomen can be traced back to 1920S and 30S when X-ray study was initially used to identify perforation of GI tract and intestinal obstruction. In 70S, ultrasonography, diagnostic nuclear medicine, and computed tomography(CT) played a role as an assistant study method in making the imaging diagnosis of acute abdomen. During the 80S, the technology of CT scan had much progress and was superior to the plain-film in many aspects. In the mid 90S, along with the development and application of the MRI fast scan technique and new sequences as well, we can get very clear anatomic images within a very short scan time. Some of the papers concerning the MRI manifestations on acute abdomen has been published recently by using such kind of advanced MRI scan techniques. As the outstanding international radiologist, professor Alexander R. Margulis stressed: 'Today, plain-film studies are giving way to computed tomography(CT) scans and other computer-based technologies in the evaluation of gastrointestinal disease. CT is now the primary imaging approach for the evaluation of the acute abdomen, bowel obstruction, and inflammatory disease. In China, because the plain-film and ultrasonography examination both are rather simple and easy to operate, and the costs are not very expensive, so they are still the first choice of diagnostic imaging studies for the disease of acute abdomen. But CT scan is becoming an important study method of acute abdomen for its accuracy and effectiveness, and MRI has its good prospects as well. We believe that the diagnostic imaging of acute abdomen has its bright future.f disease and the degree of dementia.

关 键 词：急腹症 影像学诊断 CT X线诊断 

分 类 号：R656.104[医药卫生—急诊医学] R816.5[医药卫生—外科学]