猴失神经手指神经植入后感觉终器的溃变与再生  

Degeneration and regeneration of sensory end organ following sensory nerve implantion into denervative monkeys′ fingers

作　　者：李学拥[1] 陈绍宗[1] 李跃军[1] 程飚[1] 陈辉[1] 曲辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]第四军医大学唐都医院整形外科,陕西西安710038

出　　处：《第四军医大学学报》1999年第11期982-985,共4页Journal of the Fourth Military Medical University

基　　金：国家自然科学基金!资助项目 No. 39370694

摘　　要：目的：观察猴失神经手指感觉神经植入后感觉终器溃变与再生情况．方法：用猴手失神经模型，神经植入后在第１，３，５，８，１２ｍｏ分别取材进行电镜观察．结果：游离神经末梢其再生过程是：神经植入３ｍｏ真皮层出现新生的神经轴突．５ｍｏ时有髓和无髓纤维的数量明显增加．髓鞘增厚结构更加清晰．８ｍｏ～１２ｍｏ再生轴突逐渐成熟达正常水平．Ｍｅｒｋｅｌ细胞①感觉神经的植入能延迟Ｍｅｒｋｅｌ细胞溃变的发生．②感觉神经的植入使Ｍｅｒｋｅｌ细胞可以再生．③再生过程是：神经植入５ｍｏＭｅｒｋｅｌ细胞周围出现游离神经末梢，８ｍｏ时大部分Ｍｅｒｋｅｌ细胞获得神经支配．Ｍｅｉｓｓｎｅｒ小体失神经后逐渐萎缩被胶原纤维所代替．神经植入后３ｍｏ时小体周围开始出现无髓神经纤维并且开始向小体内部生长．５ｍｏ时已有部分小体获得神经支配，８ｍｏ时大部分小体获得神经支配，且小体尾端开始有幼稚的有髓神经纤维出现，１２ｍｏ未发现失神经支配的小体．环层小体、Ｒｕｆｆｉｎｉ小体、Ｋｒａｕｓｅ小体在神经植入后均可以获得神经再支配．结论：感觉神经植入后可以再生出５种感觉小体．神经植入后可延缓小体溃变，并最终使小体获得神经再支配．新生血管在神经再生中起重要作用．AIM: To deal with the degeneration and regeneration of the sensory end organ of monkeys′ denevative glabrous skin after implanted with sensory nerve. METHODS: Removing the two finger nerves, the monkey′s fingers were denervated. Afterwards, one finger nerve was cut off; the other was implanted into the finger. After 1,3,5,8 and 12 mo respectively, the skin of the fingers were cut off and observed under the electron microscope. RESULTS: In term of the result of observation, the regenerative axons of implanted nerve set to appear in 3 mo after operation, which were chiefly unmylineted fibers and some mylineted ones. In 5 mo, the number of fibers including unmylineted and mylineted increased. Meanwhile, the wide of myline grows, the structure of which was fine. In 8 mo^12 mo, the regenerated fibers came to maturation. The Merkel cell-neuritis complexes ①The implantation of sensory nerve could decelerated the degeneration of Merkel cell. ②In the situation of implantation of sensory nerve, the Merkel cell neuritis complexes were able to regenerate completely. ③The process of regeneration was that the regenerating axon appears in the surroundings of Merkel cell in fifth mo. Most of Merkel cell had obtained the innervation of nerve in the eighth mo. There was no discrepancy between the normal group and the implantive group after one year. ④ The connection between Merkel cell and free nerve ending was influenced by neurotropism. It had been found out that there appear to some degenerative changes of axons within capsucles in 1 mo after the denervative operation. The axons of capuscle disappeared in 3 mo. The neuro endomembrane tubes and the volume of capuscles set to shrink in 5 mo. During 8 mo^12 mo collagen fibrils increased. In nerve implantative groups, unmyellinated fibers started to appear to surrounding capuscles and to enter into it in 3 mo. A part of capscules had been predominant by the regenerating fibers in 5 mo. Most of capuscles had been innervated in 8 mo. In 1 year, capuscles have already g

关 键 词：神经植入 MERKEL细胞 感觉终器 神经再生 

分 类 号：R622.3[医药卫生—整形外科] R651[医药卫生—外科学]