沙尘释放通量外场观测和参数化研究进展  

Review of the Field Measurements and Parameterization of the Dust Emission Flux

作　　者：朱好[1,2] 张宏升[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学半干旱气候变化教育部重点实验室,兰州73000 [2]北京大学物理学院大气与海洋科学系,北京100871

出　　处：《北京大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第4期768-776,共9页Acta Scientiarum Naturalium Universitatis Pekinensis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(41075005);国家重点基础研究发展计划(2010CB428501);863计划(2006AA06A306);国家公益性行业(气象)科研专项基金(GY200806007);半干旱气候变化教育部重点实验室(兰州大学)开放基金资助

摘　　要：沙尘释放通量的参数化是准确模拟和预报沙尘天气的重要因素,而外场观测为参数化方案提供直接的实验验证。在对不同沙尘释放模式的物理机制、参数化方案和输入数据需求进行阐述的基础上,讨论了不同模式的异同。沙尘释放模式的验证、校准和改进需要外场沙尘通量的实测结果,梯度法和粒子数浓度测量是外场观测沙尘释放通量的两种常用方法。通过对模式参数化方案和外场观测结果的对比分析,指出目前存在的问题以及今后可能进一步的研究方向。Parameterization of dust emission flux is an important factor to accurately simulate and predict dust events. The data measured by field experiments can be used directly to evaluate the parameterization schemes. On the basis of explaining the physical mechanism, parameterization schemes and data inputs of various dust emission models, the authors investigate their similarities and differences. The field measurements of dust emission flux are eritieaUy needed for the validation, calibration and improvement of dust emission models. The gradient method and dust particle concentration measurements are two common methods to measure the dust emission flux during field experiments. The existing problems and future research directions are discussed by comparing the model parameterization schemes and results of field measurements.

关 键 词：沙尘水平跃移通量 垂直释放通量 参数化 梯度法 

分 类 号：P425.55[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]