我院感染病原菌的分布及其耐药性分析  

Pathogenic bacteria distribution and drug resistance analysis of nosocomial infection

作　　者：孙玉坤[1] 姚辉[1] 于兰[2] 唐哲[1] 

机构地区：[1]武警辽宁总队医院药剂科,沈阳110034 [2]武警辽宁总队医院检验科,沈阳110034

出　　处：《武警医学》2011年第7期571-574,共4页Medical Journal of the Chinese People's Armed Police Force

摘　　要：目的了解我院医院感染病原菌的分布及其耐药性情况。方法对本院2009-01至2009-11所分离致病菌的菌群分布及其耐药情况进行回顾性分析。结果共分离出致病菌2827株,以革兰阴性菌为主,其中比例最高的为铜绿假单胞菌(24.5%),其次为鲍曼不动杆菌(15.7%)、肺炎克雷伯菌(14.0%)。革兰阳性菌中比例最高为金黄色葡萄球菌(11.6%),其次为凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌(5.0%)。产超广谱β-内酰胺酶(ESBLs)肺炎克雷伯菌、大肠埃希菌对青霉素类敏感性较低,敏感率低于50.0%、。铜绿假单胞菌对头孢他啶、亚胺培南、美罗培南和阿米卡星的耐药率最低,分别为29.2%、28.8%、28.1%和21.3%。结论革兰阴性杆菌仍为我院院内感染主要病原菌,其中非发酵菌比例较高,呈现多重耐药趋势。加强细菌耐药性监测,对于正确合理选用抗菌药物和控制细菌耐药性的产生十分重要。Objective To evaluate the distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria causing nosocomial infection in the hospital. Methods The distribution and drug resistance of pathogenic bacteria isolated from January to November 2009 in the hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Results Among 2827 isolated strains, the main pathogenic bacteria were gram - negative bacilli. The proportion of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinctobacter baumani and Klebsiella pneumoniae was 24.5% , 15.7% and 14.0% , respectively. In gram - positive cocci, Staphylococcus aureus and coagulase negative staphylococcus were 11.6% and 5.0%. Against all the ESBLs strains in Klebsiella pneumoniae and Enterobacter colt, penicillin showed the lowest effective rate, ranging from 0. 0% to 50.0%. The resistance rate of gram - positive cocci to ceflazidime, imipenem, meropenem, and amikacin was 29.2% , 28.8% , 28. 1% , and 21.3% ,which showed the lowest resistance rates. Conclusions Gram - negative bacilli, especially non - zymophyte, are still the main pathogenic bacteria in the hospital. Moreover, the pathogenic bacteria are multidrug-resistant. It is important to enhance local surveillance of bacterial resistance and characterization of the panresistance mechanism.

关 键 词：病原菌 抗菌药物 耐药性 

分 类 号：R378[医药卫生—病原生物学] R969.4[医药卫生—基础医学]