群居型、散居型意大利蝗形态特征的数量分析  

Numerical analyses on morphometrics gregarious and solitarious phase of Calliptamus italicus

作　　者：张洋[1,2] 高松[1,2] 牙森.沙力 曹广春[1,2] 张泽华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所农业部生物防治重点开放实验室,北京100081 [2]农业部锡林浩特草原有害生物防治重点野外科学观测试验站,内蒙古锡林浩特026000

出　　处：《应用昆虫学报》2011年第4期854-861,共8页Chinese Journal of Applied Entomology

基　　金：公益性行业(农业)科研专项(20090321;201003079);农业部现代农业专项(CARS-35)

摘　　要：意大利蝗Calliptamus italicus(L.)是新疆草原的主要危害害虫之一,为了从形态上精确区分群居型和散居型意大利蝗,本文用数值分类学的方法对两型成虫的10个形态指标和5个形态指标比值进行了数量分析。方差分析结果表明:两型成虫在所测量的10个形态指标上都存在着显著性差异(P<0.05);形态指标比值中前翅长度(E)与后足股节长度(F)比值E/F在两型成虫之间也存在显著性差异(P<0.05),其中群居型E/F比值在1.42～1.94之间,散居型E/F比值在0.90～1.39之间。聚类分析根据型态和性别将样本分为4组,第Ⅰ组是群居型雄性意大利蝗、第Ⅱ组为群居型雌性意大利蝗、第III组为散居型雄性意大利蝗、第Ⅳ组是散居型雌性意大利蝗。主成分分析构建了3个反映形态特征及其比值信息的综合指标,主成分1、主成分2和主成分3,三者的贡献率分别为82.96%、13.86%、2.65%,3个主成分的累积贡献率为99.48%。主成分进一步确定了E/F比值在两型区分上的重要作用,推断E/F比值可以作为群居型、散居型意大利蝗成虫的判定指标。Callipatamus italicus （L.）is one of the main pests in Xin Jiang’s grasslands.In order to distinguish the gregarious and solitary phases of this pest we used numerical taxonomy to analyse 10 of its morphometric and 5 of its morphological characters.Analysis of variance indicated that the gregarious and solitary phases differed significantly in all 10 morphometric characters （P0.05）,especially eleytron length（E）,femur length（F） and tibia length.With regard to the morphological characters,a significant difference was found in E/F ratio;the E/F ratios of the gregarious and solitary phase being 1.42-1.94 and 0.90-1.39,respectively.Hierarchical cluster analysis divided the sample into 4 groups： gregarious males,gregarious females,solitary males and solitary females.Principal component analysis revealed three principal components each explaining 82.96%、13.86% and 2.65% of the total variation,and collectively accounting for 99.48% of the total variation.The sequence picture of principal component analysis was based on the principal component score of the main morphometric character,which was consistent with the result of hierarchical cluster analysis.The results indicate that the gregarious and solitary phases of C.italicus can be reliably distinguished on the basis of quantitative characters.

关 键 词：意大利蝗 群居型 散居型 数量性状 

分 类 号：S433.2[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]