论我国私法人分类理念的缺陷与修正——以公法人理论为主要视角  

The Defect and Correction of the Categorization of Private Legal Entity in Chinese Civil Law:From the Perspective of Public Legal Entity Theory

作　　者：崔拴林[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京师范大学法学院,江苏南京210046

出　　处：《法律科学（西北政法大学学报）》2011年第4期83-94,共12页Science of Law：Journal of Northwest University of Political Science and Law

基　　金：江苏高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：《民法通则》规定的四种法人类型来源于我国单位体制中的单位类型,并非基于公法人与私法人相区分的法律原理。因此,这种私法人的类型化混淆了公法人、公法组织与私法人,缺陷甚多。根据公法人理论,应该将机关、事业单位和几类社会团体法人定位为公法人或公法组织。而未来民法典中的私法人则应分为营利法人和非营利法人两大类型,前者包括公司和非公司企业法人,后者则包括由私人组成的社会团体法人和捐助法人。In accordance with the General Principles of the Civil Law of PRC,juristic persons are composed of enterprise,official organ,public institution and social organization.This category is neither rooted in the theory of the division of public law and private law,nor in the theory of the public legal person and private legal person,but in the Institution System.So the lawmaker of the General Principles of the Civil Law confuses the public and the private legal person.This confusion has already created some negative impacts to the Chinese legal system.From the perspective of the theory of the public legal person,the official organs,public institutions and most of the social organizations should be considered as public persons or public organizations.And the forthcoming Civil Code should divide the private legal person into for-profit legal persons and non-profit ones.The former of which include the companies and the other enterprises,while the latter should be divided into the social organization legal persons which are composed of natural persons and the private organizations and the endowment legal persons.

关 键 词：单位 公法人 公法组织 私法人 类型化 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]