自杀未遂者出院后再次出现自杀行为的6年随访  

A six year follow-up study of repetition of suicide attempts in suicide attempters after discharge

作　　者：徐东[1] 张学立 李献云[1] 王绍礼[1] 杨甫德[1] 梁红[1] 赵丽婷[1] 李可进[1] 曹孔敬[2] 许永臣[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京回龙观医院,世界卫生组织自杀预防研究与培训中心,北京心理危机研究与干预中心,北京100096 [2]山东郓城县人民医院

出　　处：《中国神经精神疾病杂志》2011年第7期410-412,共3页Chinese Journal of Nervous and Mental Diseases

基　　金：世界卫生组织SUPRE-MISS项目

摘　　要：目的了解自杀未遂者再自杀情况及其影响因素。方法对115例住院自杀未遂者出院后18个月、3年、5年、6年进行4次随访。结果 115例自杀未遂者中6年内21例再次出现自杀行为(18.3%),其中自杀死亡5例(4.3%)。21例再次自杀者平均年龄(44.2±14.3)岁,13例有精神障碍(61.9%),8例既往(入院前)有自杀未遂史(38.1%),与94例无再次自杀行为者比较,两组在年龄(t=3.42)、精神疾病(2=11.20)、既往自杀未遂史(2=24.18)方面的差异有统计学意义(均P<0.05)。Logistic回归分析,仅既往自杀未遂史(P<0.01,OR=10.21,β=2.32)进入回归方程。115例自杀未遂人群总的随访时间为723.55人年,以此推算6年内该组自杀未遂者群体年人均自杀死亡率为0.7%,年人均自杀未遂率为2.2%,年人均自杀行为率为2.9%。结论部分自杀未遂者会再次出现自杀行为,而既往有自杀未遂史和有精神障碍的自杀未遂者更易再次发生自杀行为。Objective To investigate the repetition of suicide attempts in suicide attempters after discharge and to analyze the relative factors. Methods One hundred fifteen in-patients who had attempted suicide were evaluated at 18 months, 3, 5 and 6 years after discharge. Results Twenty one patients had subsequent suicidal behaviors within 6 years. Among them, 5 had completed suicides （4. 3% ） and 16 had attempted suicides （ 13.9% ）. There were significant difference in age, mental illness and prior suicide attempts between patients with and without subsequent suicidal behaviors（P 〈 0. 05）. Binary logistic regression showed that repeat suicide behaviors were associated with prior suicide attempts （ P 〈 0. 01 ,OR = 10. 21 ,β =2. 32）. The total follow-up years of 115 suicide attempters were 723.55 person year. Based on the total follow-up years, we calculated that the completed suicide rate, attempted suicide rate and suicide behavior rate were 0. 7%, 2. 2% and 2. 9% per year. Conclusions Suicide attempters are at high risk of repetition. The patients with prior suicide attempts and mental illness are more susceptible to subsequent suicide behavior.

关 键 词：自杀未遂 再次自杀 随访研究 

分 类 号：R473[医药卫生—护理学]