无烟煤制备颗粒活性炭及其PSA分离CH_4/N_2性能  

Preparation of granular active carbon by anthracite coal and its performance for separation CH_4/N_2 by pressure swing adsorption

作　　者：辜敏[1,2] 刘克万 鲜学福[1,2] 冯砚艳[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]重庆大学煤矿灾害动力学与控制国家重点实验室,重庆400044 [2]重庆大学复杂煤气层瓦斯抽采国家地方联合工程实验室,重庆400044 [3]宜宾市国土局,四川宜宾644000

出　　处：《材料科学与工艺》2011年第3期82-87,共6页Materials Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(50774104);国家自然科学创新群体基金资助项目(50621403);教育部重点项目(107090)

摘　　要：为高效利用矿井煤层气,以重庆无烟煤为原料,采用简单的空气预氧化-碳化工艺制备了变压吸附(PSA)分离CH4和N2混合气体(CH4/N2)所用的颗粒活性炭(GAC)吸附剂,采用穿透和PSA实验研究了制备工艺条件对GAC分离CH4/N2的效果及其影响,利用低温液氮吸附和透射电镜(TEM)方法对GAC进行孔结构表征,利用傅立叶红外(FTIR)方法进行表面性质的表征.结果表明:在适宜条件范围制备的GAC对低浓度CH4的CH4/N2分离效果较好;采用单循环五步PSA过程可使CH4的体积分数较原料气提高20%～30%;制备的GAC孔结构以微孔为主,对CH4/N2的选择性高的有效孔径占较大比例,其表面形成的含氧官能团有利于CH4/N2分离.In order to utilize mine cold-bad gas efficiently,granular active carbon（GAC） adsorbents for the pressure swing adsorption（PSA） separation of CH4 from CH4/N2mixtures were prepared by preoxidation-carbonization process using Chongqing anthracite coal as the precursor.The effects of the preparation conditions on the pressure PSA separation performance of the GAC for CH4/N2were studied.The separation performance of GAC was investigated further by breakthrough experiments.The low temperature liquid nitrogen adsorption method and transmission electron microscopy（TEM） were used to investigate the pore structure of the GAC.The chemical property of the GAC surface was characterized by FTIR method.Experimental results showed that a good separation performance was obtained using the GAC prepared at optimum conditions.By a PSA process consisted of five steps using the GAC prepared as an absorbent,the volume percentage of methane increased about 20% to 30% compared with the feed.The effective micropores for the separation of methane in CH4/N2mixtures occupied a great proportion.The oxygen-containing function groups on the surface of GAC are favorable for the separation of CH4/N2.

关 键 词：颗粒活性炭 无烟煤 CH4/N2 分离 CH4 变压吸附 

分 类 号：TQ536[化学工程—煤化学工程]