居民对台风灾害影响的认知及应对能力分析  

Risk perception of rural inhabitants and their capacity to respond to typhoon

作　　者：姜丽萍[1] 符丽燕[1] 王一婷[1] 王玉玲 

机构地区：[1]温州医学院护理学院,浙江温州325035 [2]浙江省萧山市人民医院,浙江杭州311203

出　　处：《中国农村卫生事业管理》2011年第7期715-717,共3页Chinese Rural Health Service Administration

基　　金：科技部软课题(2009GXQ6D164);浙江省卫生厅课题(2008A114)

摘　　要：目的:为探讨灾民对灾害事件的风险认知及应对能力,以台风为背景分析居民对灾害风险的认知及影响特征。方法:采用整群抽样方法对浙江省某台风登陆及影响区域的434名居民进行问卷调查,问卷内容包括人口学特征、台风相关风险认知以及采取的应对能力,数据进行分析。结果:84.6%居民认为台风知识教育是重要的,电视广播和经验分享是其获得相关信息主要途径;台风登陆区居民对台风灾害的风险认知明显高于周边区居民,以生命、财产和生活品质危害影响为主要因素(P≤0.001);在台风灾害的应对能力方面,登陆区居民认为邻里亲友互助更为重要,并对居住物的坚固和居住区域安全更为关心;相关性分析提示不同年龄、文化教育、经济收入及居住区域与台风认知担忧有相关显著(P<0.05)。结论:明确居民对灾害的风险认知,可预测灾害可能出现社会心理、行为变化,有助于提高人们认识灾害风险和减灾措施,增强居民应急能力。Objective To explore local residents risk perceptions and their capacity to respond to disasters in the area where typhoon is common. Methods Subjects （434 adults） were recruited from rural areas in coastal south-east Zhejiang with typhoon attack. They were interviewed using a structured questionnaire with items addressing socio-demographic characteristics ,exposure to public education related to emergency preparation ,risk perception ,and coping strategies. Results Most inhabitants （84. 6%） were aware that the knowledge of typhoon was important and the information they received was mainly from the media and personal experience. Residents who lived in the loading area of typhoon were perceived themselves to be at higher risk area compared with those in the Surrounding area（P≤0. 001 ）. Furthermore ,they thought help among neighbors and friends was important during typhoon attack. Meanwhile, they were also more concerned about the security of the houses and the area they lived in. Conclusion This study puts forward that＇inhabitants understanding of risk is significant for us to provide disaster education. Moreover, it is helpful to enhance the abilities of emergency response for residents.

关 键 词：台风 风险认知 应对能力 

分 类 号：R188[医药卫生—流行病学]