地震资料叠前偏移成像技术进展  

The recent overseas development of pre-stack migration of seismic data

作　　者：李晶[1] 王成祥 李军茹 李桂芳 王艳红[3] 安荣霞 张建磊 

机构地区：[1]成都理工大学"地球探测与信息技术"教育部重点实验室,成都610059 [2]东方地球物理公司物探技术研究中心,涿州072751 [3]大庆钻探工程公司测井一公司,大庆163004

出　　处：《地球物理学进展》2011年第3期966-982,共17页Progress in Geophysics

基　　金：成都理工大学"地球探测与信息技术"教育部重点实验室开放基金项目(2008DTKF005)资助

摘　　要：地震资料的叠前偏移成像技术在国外一直是多年来的研究热点,从克希霍夫积分法到单程波方程到全波方程、从各向同性到各向异性、从一般偏移成像到振幅保持偏移成像、从窄方位到宽方位、从单分量到多分量等,在国外盐下油气勘探和开发中已经发挥了很重要的作用.叠前偏移近几年来在国外的发展,则主要集中在如下几个方面:积分法偏移、单程波动方程偏移、各向异性偏移、迴折波偏移、束偏移、逆时偏移.在各种偏移方法中,振幅保持和角度道集的计算都是其重要研究内容,各个部分在国内的发展也进行了简要总结.The pre-stack migration imaging technology of seismic data has been the researching focus for many yreas during which the migration developed from Kirchhoff to one-way wave equation, and then to two-way wave equation, from isotropic to anisotropic, form common migration to amplitude-preserved migration, from narrow azimuth to wide azimuth, and from single component to muti-component. The pre-stack migration plays an important role in oil and gas exploration in Mexico Gulf. The development of pre-stack migration in recent years focused on following aspects： Kirchhoff migration, one-way wave equation migration, anisotropic migration, one-return migration, beamlet migration and reversed time migration. In each kind of migration methods amplitude preserving and angle-gather calculating are always important. In fact, Kirchhoff pre-stack migration can output target lines conveniently and plays an important role in the velocity model building process so that it will always exist in the future development. One way wave equation pre-stack migration will play more and more important roles with the fast development of computer techniques in the volume pre-stack migration. However, one way wave equation migration can＇t output target lines as convenient as Kirchhoff migration. So the two kinds of migration methods will exist for many years. Time-reversed pre-stack depth migration will be used now and then when the overburden layers are very complex. The paper also summarized the development of migration in China.

关 键 词：叠前偏移 各向异性 迴折波偏移 逆时偏移 角度道集 

分 类 号：P631[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]