社会支持和职业紧张与高血压的关系研究  

Relationship of social support and occupational stress to hypertension

作　　者：林晓蕾[1] 田赋颖[1] 马啸[1] 黄文辉[2] 陈维清[1] 

机构地区：[1]中山大学公共卫生学院,广东广州510080 [2]广州市卫生局

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2011年第7期602-605,共4页Chinese Preventive Medicine

摘　　要：目的探讨社会支持与职业紧张对成人高血压的影响及其交互作用。方法以对现况调查中发现的1 975例高血压患者为病例组,2 534例血压正常者为对照组,在控制年龄、性别、文化程度、高血压家族史等混杂因素后,进行多因素logistic回归分析,探讨社会支持和职业紧张与高血压发生的关系。组间差异的比较采用卡方检验,P〈0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果单因素分析表明：主观支持、支持利用度与高血压发生相关,其他因素无统计学意义。多因素二分类logistic回归分析显示：职业紧张、社会支持与高血压发生之间均无统计学关联。中水平客观支持-中水平技术使用程度（OR=0.23,95%CI=0.07~0.73）、中水平客观支持-较高水平技术使用程度（OR=0.11,95%CI=0.02~0.64）和高水平支持利用度-中水平工作决策（OR=0.18,95%CI=0.04~0.86）分别与高血压有统计学意义。结论社会支持和职业紧张对高血压的发生有交互作用。高水平的技术适用程度和工作决策能力,同时有较高水平的客观支持和支持利用度,有利于降低高血压发生的风险。Objective To investigate the relationship of social support and occupational stress to hypertension.Methods A cross-sectional sampling method was applied to select the case group of 1 975 eligible hypertension patients and the control group of 2 534 non-hypertensive residents.We examined the relationship of social support and occupational stress to hypertension by multiple unconditional logistic regression analysis model adjusting for age,gender,education level and the family history of hypertension.Results The results of single logistic regression model suggested that hypertension was only associated with subjective support and support availability.However,the model of logistic regression revealed the significant interactive terms of the medium level of objective support with the medium level of applicable job experience（OR=0.23,95%CI=0.07-0.73）,the medium level of objective support with the high level of applicable job experience（OR=0.11,95%CI=0.02-0.64） and the high level of support with the medium level of decision-making ability（OR=0.18,95%CI=0.04-0.86）.Conclusion Social support and occupational stress had interactive effects on hypertension.The risk of hypertension might be reduced with rich work experience,the high level of decision-making ability and strong objective support.

关 键 词：社会支持 职业紧张 高血压 横断面调查 

分 类 号：R544.1[医药卫生—心血管疾病]