汶川小型兽类体表寄生虫调查研究  

Preliminary investigation of parasites on small mammals in Wenchuan

作　　者：杨创明[1,2,3] 杨孔[1,2,3] 张建漂[1,2,3] 李平[1,2,3] 

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学高原动物遗传育种与繁殖教育部重点实验室,四川成都610041 [2]西南民族大学青藏高原动物遗传资源保护与利用四川省重点实验室,四川成都610041 [3]西南民族大学生命科学与技术学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《西南民族大学学报（自然科学版）》2011年第4期586-588,共3页Journal of Southwest Minzu University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30840107;31070380)

摘　　要：目的初步调查5.12地震灾后四川省汶川映秀镇小型兽类体表寄生虫.方法 2011年1月采用夹夜法和笼捕法捕获样区小型兽类,通过毛刷反复疏检,并用镊子逆毛检取捕获鼠体表寄生虫,然后按形态学分类方法进行鉴定.结果共捕获8只小型兽类,隶属2目2科、3属、4种.体表寄生虫隶属2纲5目,其中昆虫纲中有蚤目1属、1种,虱目2科3种,鞘翅目,虱啮目,蛛形纲中有蜱螨目1目、2股.褐家鼠体表寄生虫种类繁多,包括螨、蚤、虱、鞘翅目和虱啮目5种类型,其中褐家鼠革螨指数与蚤指数分别为12.5和0.75.结论所有小型兽类都发现体表寄生虫,其中褐家鼠在捕获小型兽类中是优势种,体表寄生虫丰富度和指数都较高,应引起密切关注.Objective： To investigate the community of parasites on small mammals in Wenchuan, Sichuan Province. Method： Small mammals are captured with mouse traps, and all the parasites on the body surface of the hosts are completely collected by using a double-edged fine-toothed comb and forceps. Results： A total of 8 small mammals are captured, which belong to 2 order, 2 families, 3 genera and 4 species. The parasites belong to 2 class, 5 orders. The main kinds of external parasite are： gamasides, Siphonaptera, AnopiUra and Psocoptera. The Rattus norvegicus is infected with gamasides, flea, sucking lices, psocoptera, coleoptera. The indexes of flea and gamasid mite on Rattus norvegicus are 0.75 and 12.5, respectively. Conclusion： Rattus norvegicus is the dominant species of small mammals. Both the richness and diversity index of parasite commuity ofRattus norvegicus are high. So, close attention should be paid to this situation.

关 键 词：汶川 小型兽类 体表寄生虫 

分 类 号：Q95[生物学—动物学]