光学器件的空间粉尘高速撞击效应研究  

Investigation of effects of hypervelocity impact of space dust on optical components

作　　者：董尚利[1] 刘海[1] 吕钢[1] 李延伟[1] 杨德庄[1] 何世禹[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学材料科学与工程学院,哈尔滨150001

出　　处：《航天器环境工程》2011年第2期115-120,共6页Spacecraft Environment Engineering

基　　金：国家空间碎片专题"空间粉尘环境效应模拟与评价技术"研究项目(编号:KJSP-06212)

摘　　要：文章利用静电加速器模拟研究了微小空间碎片及微流星体(空间粉尘)高速撞击镀膜石英玻璃、光学透镜和反射镜的撞击效应与累积损伤特性。扫描电镜观察结果表明,被撞击试样表面的损伤形式为不连续的点缺陷,可发现撞击坑、机械破裂、局部熔化和粉尘微粒子附着;分光光度计测试结果显示,经粉尘累积撞击后,光学透镜的透射率和反射镜的反射率均发生较小程度的衰减;此外,借助于原位测试技术捕捉到了微小粒子高速撞击过程中产生的等离子体和发光现象。The effects of hypervelocity impact of space dust（micro-sized orbit debris and micrometeoroids） on surface-coated silica glass,optical lens and reflector are investigated by using an electrostatic accelerator.Scanning electron microscope（SEM） examinations indicate that the surface of each impacted sample is characterized by discontinuous damage defects,such as impacted craters,cracks or punctures of the surface layer,local melting,and attaching of micro-particles.Spectrophotometer measurements show that accumulated impacts from micro-particles would lead to degradation of optical properties of the investigated optical lens or reflector.The creation of ionization plasma or light flash during the hypervelocity impact of micro-particles on the optical components was also detected by in-situ measuring techniques.

关 键 词：空间粉尘 光学器件 高速撞击 撞击损伤 

分 类 号：V520.7[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程] O313.4[理学—一般力学与力学基础]