江苏大丰麋鹿自然保护区栖息地退化特征  

Habitat degradation features of Père David's Deer Natural Reserve in Dafeng of Jiangsu Province,East China

作　　者：刘金根[1,2] 薛建辉[1] 王磊[2] 丁晶晶[2] 马婉丽[1] 刘成刚[1] 戎宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学江苏省林业生态工程重点实验室,南京210037 [2]江苏省林业科学研究院,南京211153

出　　处：《生态学杂志》2011年第8期1793-1798,共6页Chinese Journal of Ecology

基　　金：江苏省高校自然科学研究项目(09KJB220001);林业行业公益专项(201004091);江苏省科技计划项目(SBE200970315)资助

摘　　要：通过对大丰麋鹿保护区栖息地植物群落特征的调查分析,揭示麋鹿栖息地退化机理。结果表明:围栏内、外草地群落相似性系数低,围栏内植物群落中地上部生物量、物种数、丰富度指数、Shannon指数、均匀度指数均低于围栏外草地,但生态优势度指数高于围栏外草地;其次,围栏内草地植物群落之间距离越远,群落相似性系数则越低;围栏内狼尾草种群的物种优势度均占绝对优势,但随着距离麋鹿活动中心渐远,群落均匀度指数呈上升趋势,狼尾草生物量占群落总生物量的比例、狼尾草种群特征值则均呈下降趋势。综合分析认为,火烧灭蜱可能是形成麋鹿栖息地植被现状的主要原因,研究结果为大丰麋鹿保护区栖息地的生态恢复提供理论依据。To understand the degradation mechanism of Père David＇s deer habitat,an investigation was made on the plant community characteristics in Père David＇s Deer Natural Reserve in Dafeng of Jiangsu Province.In the Reserve,the community similarity index of the grassland inside and outside the fence was low.The aboveground biomass,species number,richness index,Shannon index,and evenness index of the plant community inside the fence were all lower than those outside the fence,whereas the ecological dominance index of the plant community was in adverse.The further the distance between grassland communities,the lower the plant community similarity index was.Inside the fence,the species dominance of Pennisetum alopecuroides was absolutely dominant.With the increasing distance from the activity center of Père David＇s deer,the plant community evenness index increased,and the percentage of P.alopecuroides aboveground biomass in total plant community as well as the population characteristic values of P.alopecuroides declined.It was considered that the fire for killing Haemaphysalis longicornis could be one of the major reasons causing the habitat degradation.The results could serve as the theoretical references for ecological restoration of Père David＇s deer habitat.

关 键 词：麋鹿 自然保护区 栖息地 退化特征 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学] S863[农业科学—野生动物驯养]